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Neuroendocrine dysfunction in polycystic ovary syndrome
Christine M Burt Solorzano1, Jennifer P Beller, Michelle Y Abshire
1Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Virginia Children's Hospital, P.O. Box 800386, Charlottesville, VA 22908, United States. cmb6w@virginia.edu
Steroids
|December 17, 2011
Summary
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) development is linked to neuroendocrine changes during puberty. Hyperandrogenemia (HA) disrupts luteinizing hormone (LH) regulation, potentially initiating PCOS earlier than previously thought.
Area of Science:
- Reproductive Endocrinology
- Neuroendocrinology
- Pediatric Endocrinology
Background:
- Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder affecting reproductive-aged women.
- Key features include ovulatory dysfunction and hyperandrogenemia (HA).
- Neuroendocrine dysfunction, particularly abnormal gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion patterns, is implicated in PCOS pathogenesis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the role of hyperandrogenemia (HA) in the development of abnormal LH pulsatility during puberty.
- To explore the potential early onset of neuroendocrine abnormalities in girls with HA.
Main Methods:
- The study focuses on analyzing neuroendocrine patterns, specifically GnRH and LH pulsatility.
- It examines the influence of sex hormones, including androgens and progesterone, on LH secretion during pubertal maturation.
- The research considers the impact of obesity and hyperinsulinemia in girls with HA.
Main Results:
- Hyperandrogenemia (HA) reduces progesterone's inhibitory effect on GnRH pulse frequency, leading to increased LH pulse secretion.
- Abnormal LH pulsatility and enhanced daytime LH secretion are observed even in early pubertal girls with HA.
- These abnormalities may begin early in puberty, particularly in obese girls, suggesting a potential developmental pathway to PCOS.
Conclusions:
- HA appears to adversely affect LH pulse regulation during pubertal maturation.
- This disruption may lead to persistent HA and contribute to the development of PCOS.
- Early identification and intervention in girls with HA may be crucial for preventing PCOS development.
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