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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 26, 2026

Evaluation of Capnography Sampling Line Compatibility and Accuracy when Used with a Portable Capnography Monitor

Evaluation of Capnography Sampling Line Compatibility and Accuracy when Used with a Portable Capnography Monitor

Published on: September 29, 2020

CPAP review.

Olie Chowdhury¹, Catherine J Wedderburn, Donovan Duffy

¹Division of Asthma, Allergy & Lung Biology, MRC-Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, King's College, London, UK.

European Journal of Pediatrics

|December 17, 2011

Summary

Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) effectively prevents re-intubation in premature infants when delivered via short nasal prongs. Early CPAP use and specific pressure levels reduce extubation failure, but optimal generation methods require further study.

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Published on: December 6, 2016

Area of Science:

Neonatal respiratory support
Pediatric critical care

Background:

Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is a cornerstone of respiratory support in neonatal intensive care units.
It is utilized both as an initial treatment and post-extubation following mechanical ventilation, especially for prematurely born infants.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the evidence for CPAP use in prematurely born infants.
To evaluate different methods of CPAP delivery and their impact on clinical outcomes.
To assess the association between CPAP and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD).

Main Methods:

Meta-analysis of randomized trials comparing CPAP delivery methods.
Review of observational studies on early CPAP versus ventilation.
Analysis of randomized trials examining CPAP levels and weaning strategies.

Main Results:

Delivery of CPAP via short nasal prongs is most effective in preventing re-intubation.
CPAP use reduces extubation failure, particularly with levels ≥5 cm H2O.
Evidence for high-flow nasal cannulae in premature infants is insufficient; early CPAP's link to lower BPD incidence requires further confirmation.

Conclusions:

Short nasal prongs are recommended for CPAP delivery to prevent re-intubation.
CPAP is effective in reducing extubation failure in premature infants.
Further research is needed to optimize CPAP generation and weaning strategies to minimize complications like BPD and nasal injury.