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Updated: May 26, 2026

Isolation of Fidelity Variants of RNA Viruses and Characterization of Virus Mutation Frequency
Published on: June 16, 2011
Lamivudine resistance mutations in patients infected with hepatitis B virus genotype D
Orhan Yıldız1, Bilgehan Aygen, Nese Demirtürk
1Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Medical School of Erciyes University, 38039 Kayseri, Turkey. oyildiz@erciyes.edu.tr
Aim:
To determine the distribution of viral genotypes for primary or acquired lamivudine resistance.
Methods:
A total of 283 patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection (245 patients with chronic hepatitis B and 38 inactive hepatitis B surface antigen carriers) were included in the study. The HBV genotype was determined by using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and sequence analysis, and tyrosine-methionine-aspartate-aspartate (YMDD) motif mutations were determined using the reverse transcriptase hybridization method.
Results:
Lamivudine resistance was determined in a total of 25 (10.7%) chronic hepatitis B patients. Eight subjects (4%) had primary resistance to lamivudine, and 17 (53.1%) had secondary resistance to lamivudine. Genotype D, which was isolated from 267 of the patients with chronic HBV infection, was the dominant genotype in Turkey.
Conclusion:
Identification of YMDD motif mutations should have a positive impact on the selection of proper antiviral medication for patients, even for those who are nucleoside naïve.
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