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Related Concept Videos

Immunoglobulin-like Cell Adhesion Molecules01:31

Immunoglobulin-like Cell Adhesion Molecules

Immunoglobulin-like cell adhesion molecules or Ig-CAMs are a versatile group of cell surface glycoproteins belonging to the immunoglobulin protein superfamily. Ig-CAMs possess the characteristic immunoglobulin protein domains and other domains such as the fibronectin type III domain. The Ig domains are glycosylated to varying degrees in different Ig-CAMs.
Ig-CAMs exhibit either homophilic binding (to other Ig-CAMs) or heterophilic binding (to other ligands such as integrins). While most Ig-CAMs...
Cell Adhesion Molecules - Types and Functions01:20

Cell Adhesion Molecules - Types and Functions

Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) are pivotal to multicellularity and the coordinated functioning of tissues and organ systems. They enable physical interactions between cells and provide mechanical strength to tissues. They also function as receptors for signal transmission across the plasma membrane. The CAMs are broadly classified into four families - integrins, cadherins, selectins, and immunoglobulin-like CAMs (IgCAMs).
CAM Families
The Integrin family of proteins is primarily  involved in a...
Cell Adhesion Molecules - Types and Functions01:20

Cell Adhesion Molecules - Types and Functions

Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) are pivotal to multicellularity and the coordinated functioning of tissues and organ systems. They enable physical interactions between cells and provide mechanical strength to tissues. They also function as receptors for signal transmission across the plasma membrane. The CAMs are broadly classified into four families - integrins, cadherins, selectins, and immunoglobulin-like CAMs (IgCAMs).
CAM Families
The Integrin family of proteins is primarily  involved in a...
Anchoring Junctions01:03

Anchoring Junctions

Anchoring junctions are multiprotein complexes that help cells connect to other cells and the extracellular matrix. Anchoring junctions are present on the lateral and basal surfaces of cells, providing strong and flexible connections. Focal adhesions are often formed due to cell interactions with the ECM substrata, which initiate signal transduction via kinase cascades and other mechanisms. Together, they provide stability and tissue integrity. There are three types of anchoring junctions:...
Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions01:17

Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions

Integrins act both as extracellular input receivers and as intracellular processing activators. As their name suggests, integrins are entirely integrated into the membrane structure. Their hydrophobic membrane-spanning regions interact with the phospholipid bilayer's hydrophobic region. These membrane receptors provide extracellular attachment sites for effectors like hormones and growth factors. They activate intracellular response cascades when their effectors are bound and active.
Some...
Overview of Cell-Matrix Interactions01:24

Overview of Cell-Matrix Interactions

The extracellular matrix or ECM holds cells together to form a tissue and allows the cells within the tissue to communicate. ECM comprises proteins such as fibronectin, collagen, laminin, etc. The most abundant protein in this space is collagen. Collagen fibers are interwoven with carbohydrate-containing protein molecules called proteoglycans. ECM allows cell migration and provides a structural scaffold at cell adhesion that anchors the cell when the extracellular matrix proteins interact with...

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Ligand Nano-cluster Arrays in a Supported Lipid Bilayer
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Chemically programmed cell adhesion with membrane-anchored oligonucleotides.

Nicholas S Selden1, Michael E Todhunter, Noel Y Jee

  • 1Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, 600 16th Street Box 2280, San Francisco, California 94158, USA.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|December 20, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a novel chemical method to control cell adhesion using DNA. This technique allows for rapid, tunable cell binding independent of proteins, enabling new ways to study cell behavior and drug effects.

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Bead Aggregation Assays for the Characterization of Putative Cell Adhesion Molecules
08:15

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Published on: October 17, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Cell adhesion is crucial for tissue organization and integration.
  • Current methods often rely on proteins or glycans, limiting control and introducing complexity.
  • A need exists for precise, chemical control over cell adhesion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a chemical strategy for controlling cell adhesion using DNA oligonucleotides.
  • To enable protein- and glycan-independent cell interactions.
  • To demonstrate the utility of this method for studying cell membrane dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesized membrane-anchored single-stranded DNA oligonucleotides from phosphoramidites.
  • Utilized complementary interactions between DNA strands on cells and surfaces.
  • Chemically immobilized non-adherent human cells on passivated glass surfaces.

Main Results:

  • Achieved rapid, efficient, and tunable cell adhesion using the DNA-based strategy.
  • Demonstrated cell adhesion independent of natural cell surface proteins or glycans.
  • Successfully imaged drug-induced changes in membrane dynamics of immobilized cells.

Conclusions:

  • Membrane-anchored DNA oligonucleotides offer a versatile chemical approach to control cell adhesion.
  • This method provides a powerful tool for cell immobilization and studying dynamic cellular processes.
  • The chemical nature of the reagents allows for straightforward synthesis and broad applicability.