Sucrose-induced changes in VLDL- and LDL-B apoprotein removal rates

Dietary sucrose has been shown to increase triglyceride transport in very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDL), but it is not known whether the metabolism of the entire particle is affected. Measurements were therefore carried out on VLDL-B apoprotein flux and removal rate before and after the consumption of high sucrose diets (55% of calories). Autologous 125I-labeled VLDL were injected and the specific activity-time curves analyzed by two-pool kinetics. Two kinds of response to sucrose were seen. In two subjects, the pool of VLDL-B apoprotein decreased by 20% and 14% (despite increased fluxes) due to substantial increases in removal rates of 42% and 116%. In four subjects, pool size expanded by 154%, 426%, 50% and 105%, primarily as the result of decreased removal rates (decreases of 55%, 67%, 30%, and 43%). Changes in flux were inconstant, suggesting that accumulation of VLDL particles was related to delayed clearance rather than to increased formation. This may reflect the longer time required to remove the larger load of triglyceride from each particle. The catabolic rate of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) was also measured in five subjects: in four, the clearance of LDL increased with sucrose and was associated with decreases in LDL-B apoprotein and plasma cholesterol.