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Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Analysis of Neurodegenerative Diseases
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Published on: July 28, 2013

Diffusion tensor imaging of white matter tract evolution over the lifespan.

C Lebel1, M Gee, R Camicioli

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.

Neuroimage
|December 20, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Diffusion tensor imaging reveals significant white matter changes across the lifespan. Brain structure matures through young adulthood and declines thereafter, with regional variations in timing and progression.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Developmental Neuroscience
  • Aging Research

Background:

  • Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is crucial for understanding brain structure changes during development and aging.
  • Lifespan studies connecting these processes are rare, especially those including both children and the elderly.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate microstructural changes in 12 major white matter tracts across the human lifespan using DTI tractography.
  • To model age-related changes in fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) and identify regional differences.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized DTI tractography on 403 healthy individuals aged 5-83 years.
  • Applied Poisson fits to model changes in FA and MD across the entire age span for 12 major white matter tracts.
  • Analyzed the influence of tract volume on FA and MD trajectories.

Main Results:

  • Significant age-related changes in FA and MD were observed across all investigated white matter tracts.
  • FA increased during childhood/adolescence, peaked in adulthood (20-42 years), and then declined.
  • MD exhibited an inverse pattern, decreasing to a minimum in adulthood (18-41 years) before increasing later in life.
  • Regional variations in maturation and degradation timing were evident, with corpus callosum and fornix showing early reversals.

Conclusions:

  • This study provides comprehensive normative data on age-related white matter microstructural changes from childhood to old age.
  • Observed FA changes linked to perpendicular diffusivity suggest alterations in myelination and/or axonal density.
  • The findings are valuable for future research on white matter development and pathology in various diseases and conditions.