Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Alterations in Muscle Tone ll01:12

Alterations in Muscle Tone ll

Alterations in muscle tone are common manifestations of neurological disorders and reflect dysfunction within different nervous system regions. Spasticity, paratonia, and dystonia represent distinct forms of hypertonia, each with unique mechanisms, clinical features, and diagnostic importance.CharacteristicsSpasticity happens from upper motor neuron lesions and is characterized by velocity-dependent resistance to passive movement. Clinical features include:Exaggerated deep tendon reflexesClonus...
Alterations in Muscle Tone lll01:11

Alterations in Muscle Tone lll

Rigidity and myotonia are distinct abnormalities of muscle tone that affect resistance and relaxation during movement. Although both involve altered muscle contraction, they arise from different neurological and muscular mechanisms.CharacteristicsRigidity is characterized by uniform resistance to passive movement across the entire range, independent of speed, affecting flexors and extensors equally. It may appear as lead-pipe rigidity (smooth, constant resistance) or cogwheel rigidity...
Cotranslational Protein Translocation01:20

Cotranslational Protein Translocation

Translocation of proteins across membranes is an ancient process that occurs even in bacteria and archaebacteria. In fact, the components of the translocation machinery are still conserved between prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
Sec61 channel partners for cotranslational translocation
During cotranslational translocation, the Sec61 channel partners with the signal recognition particle (SRP), the signal recognition particle receptor (SR), and the ribosomes to transport the nascent polypeptide chain...
Translational Regulation01:29

Translational Regulation

Translational regulation in prokaryotes ensures efficient protein synthesis by controlling ribosome access to mRNA. This regulation is mediated by secondary RNA structures, including translational riboswitches, RNA thermometers, and small RNAs (sRNAs), which respond to intracellular and environmental signals to modulate gene expression.Translational RiboswitchesRiboswitches in the leader region of mRNAs can regulate translation by altering the accessibility of the Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence,...
Translation01:31

Translation

Lesson: Translation
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
Translation01:31

Translation

Lesson: Translation
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Guided memory retrieval shapes subsequent intrusive memories: A systematic manipulation of memory retrieval.

Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry·2026
Same author

Comparing the psychosocial impacts of COVID-19 in seven low- and middle-income countries: A cross-sectional study.

PLOS global public health·2026
Same author

Religion and spirituality as pathways to resilience: The role of positive coping and postmigration stress in displaced populations.

Journal of traumatic stress·2026
Same author

Traumatic stress intervention research for the South Asian American diaspora: A methodological protocol article.

Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy·2026
Same author

Attentional capacity and PTSD treatment response: prolonged exposure alone or combined with sertraline.

Psychotherapy research : journal of the Society for Psychotherapy Research·2025
Same author

Posttraumatic stress disorder and climate change: A meta-analysis of prospective, acute predictors of PTSD following extreme weather events.

Clinical psychology review·2025
Same journal

Scoping Review of Experience Sampling Methodology Investigations of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms.

Clinical psychology : a publication of the Division of Clinical Psychology of the American Psychological Association·2026
Same journal

Narcissistic traits predict suicide risk because personality traits predict suicide risk: A commentary on "The relationship between narcissism and suicidality".

Clinical psychology : a publication of the Division of Clinical Psychology of the American Psychological Association·2026
Same journal

Going Beyond Trauma: A Scoping Review on the Prevalence of Symptom-Relevant Negative Autobiographical Memories in Anxiety Disorders and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder.

Clinical psychology : a publication of the Division of Clinical Psychology of the American Psychological Association·2026
Same journal

Commentary: When should we designate negative autobiographical memories as key to symptom onset and when is treatment needed?

Clinical psychology : a publication of the Division of Clinical Psychology of the American Psychological Association·2026
Same journal

Reward Sensitivity's Associations with Morningness-Eveningness and Other Circadian-Coupled Behavioral Phenomena: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Cross-Sectional and Prospective Relationships.

Clinical psychology : a publication of the Division of Clinical Psychology of the American Psychological Association·2026
Same journal

The Landscape of Randomized Controlled Trials for Behavioral Health-Focused Psychosocial Interventions for Youth in the Juvenile Legal System: A Systematic Review.

Clinical psychology : a publication of the Division of Clinical Psychology of the American Psychological Association·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 26, 2026

Application of Consistent Massage-Like Perturbations on Mouse Calves and Monitoring the Resulting Intramuscular Pressure Changes
07:49

Application of Consistent Massage-Like Perturbations on Mouse Calves and Monitoring the Resulting Intramuscular Pressure Changes

Published on: September 20, 2019

Translational Challenges With Tonic Immobility.

Lori A Zoellner1

  • 1University of Washington.

Clinical Psychology : a Publication of the Division of Clinical Psychology of the American Psychological Association
|December 20, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Tonic immobility (TI), an involuntary physical freeze response, has clinical implications for trauma survivors. Further research is needed to address translational challenges in defining and assessing TI accurately.

More Related Videos

A Rat Model of Tibial Cortex Transverse Transport for the Treatment of Lower Limb Ischemia
09:56

A Rat Model of Tibial Cortex Transverse Transport for the Treatment of Lower Limb Ischemia

Published on: March 6, 2026

Methods to Quantify Pharmacologically Induced Alterations in Motor Function in Human Incomplete SCI
14:55

Methods to Quantify Pharmacologically Induced Alterations in Motor Function in Human Incomplete SCI

Published on: April 18, 2011

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 26, 2026

Application of Consistent Massage-Like Perturbations on Mouse Calves and Monitoring the Resulting Intramuscular Pressure Changes
07:49

Application of Consistent Massage-Like Perturbations on Mouse Calves and Monitoring the Resulting Intramuscular Pressure Changes

Published on: September 20, 2019

A Rat Model of Tibial Cortex Transverse Transport for the Treatment of Lower Limb Ischemia
09:56

A Rat Model of Tibial Cortex Transverse Transport for the Treatment of Lower Limb Ischemia

Published on: March 6, 2026

Methods to Quantify Pharmacologically Induced Alterations in Motor Function in Human Incomplete SCI
14:55

Methods to Quantify Pharmacologically Induced Alterations in Motor Function in Human Incomplete SCI

Published on: April 18, 2011

Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Trauma Studies

Background:

  • Tonic immobility (TI) is a sustained, involuntary physical immobility observed in nonhuman animals.
  • Understanding TI may offer clinical insights into trauma-related responses in humans.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the clinical implications of tonic immobility (TI).
  • To identify translational research challenges in the study of TI.
  • To examine the assessment of TI in clinical and research settings.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review drawing from nonhuman animal studies on tonic immobility.
  • Analysis of potential clinical applications and translational research obstacles.
  • Discussion of assessment issues related to TI, including dissociation and event severity.

Main Results:

  • Psychoeducation on TI's involuntary nature may normalize trauma reactions.
  • Translational research faces obstacles in defining and assessing TI.
  • Clinical status and time can affect the reported presence or severity of TI reactions.

Conclusions:

  • TI understanding offers potential clinical benefits for trauma survivors.
  • Accurate construct definition and assessment are crucial for TI research.
  • Further research should address the complexities of TI in human trauma contexts.