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Related Concept Videos

Steady, Laminar Flow Between Parallel Plates01:17

Steady, Laminar Flow Between Parallel Plates

Understanding steady, laminar flow between parallel plates is essential for analyzing and designing flow in narrow rectangular channels, commonly found in various water conveyance and drainage systems. The Navier-Stokes equations govern fluid motion and are generally challenging to solve due to their nonlinearity. However, simplifications are possible in certain cases, like the steady laminar flow between parallel plates. For this scenario, we assume steady, incompressible, laminar flow.
Design Example: Forces in Sluice Gate01:11

Design Example: Forces in Sluice Gate

In hydraulic engineering, sluice gates are essential for managing water flow through channels, reservoirs, and irrigation systems. Sluice gates, acting as vertical barriers, regulate water by adjusting the gate's opening height, which changes the velocity and pressure of water flowing beneath the gate. Understanding the forces involved is crucial to designing sluice gates that can withstand dynamic pressure differences, especially when the gate is closed or partially open.
Key variables in...
Boundary Layer Characteristics01:18

Boundary Layer Characteristics

When a fluid encounters a solid surface, a boundary layer forms due to the interaction between the fluid's motion and the stationary surface. This phenomenon is characterized by a thin region adjacent to the surface where viscous forces dominate, influencing the fluid's velocity profile. The development of the boundary layer begins at the leading edge of the surface and evolves as the fluid moves downstream.As the fluid flows over the surface, friction between the fluid and the wall slows down...
Shear on the Horizontal Face of a Beam Element01:16

Shear on the Horizontal Face of a Beam Element

To understand shear on the flat side of a prismatic beam element, consider the vertical and horizontal shearing forces, and the normal forces, acting on the element. The element's upper (U) and lower (L) sections, which are divided by the beam's neutral axis, are examined. The equilibrium of these forces is determined by applying the equilibrium equation, which helps identify the horizontal shearing force. This force is directly related to the bending moments and the cross-section's first...
Energy Considerations in Open Channel Flow01:27

Energy Considerations in Open Channel Flow

Open channel flow, where a fluid flows with a free surface exposed to the atmosphere, is primarily governed by gravitational and surface effects, distinguishing it from closed conduit or pipe flow. In open channels such as rivers, canals, and artificial channels, energy analysis provides valuable insights into flow behavior and the relationship between depth, velocity, and slope.Specific Energy and Flow DepthIn open channel flow, the specific energy, E, combines the gravitational potential...
Shearing Stress01:18

Shearing Stress

Shearing stress, denoted by the Greek letter tau (τ), is stress caused by forces acting transversely on an object. These forces create internal ones within the entity in the plane where the external forces are applied. The resultant of these internal forces is the shear in the section.
The average shearing stress can be calculated by dividing the shear by the area of the cross-section.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 26, 2026

The Diffusion of Passive Tracers in Laminar Shear Flow
08:01

The Diffusion of Passive Tracers in Laminar Shear Flow

Published on: May 1, 2018

Shear-flow-enhanced barrier crossing.

Diego Kienle1, Jochen Bammert, Walter Zimmermann

  • 1Theoretische Physik I, Universität Bayreuth, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany. diego.kienle@uni-bayreuth.de

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics
|December 21, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We studied how shear flow affects particles in a double well potential (DWP). Shear flow distorts particle distribution and changes barrier crossing currents, offering insights into optimizing nanoparticle transport.

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Last Updated: May 26, 2026

The Diffusion of Passive Tracers in Laminar Shear Flow
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Area of Science:

  • Statistical Physics
  • Nonlinear Dynamics
  • Soft Matter Physics

Background:

  • Brownian motion is fundamental to understanding particle dynamics in complex environments.
  • Double well potentials (DWP) model systems with bistable states, crucial in various physical and chemical processes.
  • Shear flow introduces external forces that can significantly alter particle behavior and transport properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the response of a single Brownian particle in a DWP subjected to linear shear flow.
  • To analyze the influence of shear rate on particle distribution and barrier-crossing dynamics.
  • To explore methods for optimizing flow-induced activated transport, particularly for nanoparticles.

Main Methods:

  • Numerical solution of the Fokker-Planck equation to determine probability density and particle current.
  • Analysis of particle density distribution and its difference map under shear flow.
  • Investigation of the dependency of barrier-crossing current on shear rate and DWP parameters.

Main Results:

  • Shear flow induces a distortion in the particle's probability distribution.
  • The barrier-crossing current shows a convex dependency on shear rate for widely separated DWP minima.
  • This dependency transitions to a concave characteristic as minima separation decreases, increasing barrier-crossing probability.

Conclusions:

  • The study reveals a complex interplay between shear flow and DWP geometry in dictating particle transport.
  • Extracting shear-flow-induced contributions to particle density provides a pathway to understand barrier-crossing currents.
  • Findings suggest potential for designing specific flow profiles to enhance flow-induced activated transport of nanoparticles.