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Related Concept Videos

Superconductor01:24

Superconductor

A substance that reaches superconductivity, a state in which magnetic fields cannot penetrate, and there is no electrical resistance, is referred to as a superconductor. In 1911, Heike Kamerlingh Onnes of Leiden University, a Dutch physicist, observed a relation between the temperature and the resistance of the element mercury. The mercury sample was then cooled in liquid helium to study the linear dependence of resistance on temperature. It was observed that, as the temperature decreased, the...
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Types Of Superconductors

A superconductor is a substance that offers zero resistance to the electric current when it drops below a critical temperature. Zero resistance is not the only interesting phenomenon as materials reach their transition temperatures. A second effect is the exclusion of magnetic fields. This is known as the Meissner effect. A light, permanent magnet placed over a superconducting sample will levitate in a stable position above the superconductor. High-speed trains that levitate on strong...
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Valence Bond Theory

Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
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Colors and Magnetism

Color in Coordination Complexes
When atoms or molecules absorb light at the proper frequency, their electrons are excited to higher-energy orbitals. For many main group atoms and molecules, the absorbed photons are in the ultraviolet range of the electromagnetic spectrum, which cannot be detected by the human eye. For coordination compounds, the energy difference between the d orbitals often allows photons in the visible range to be absorbed and emitted, which is seen as colors by the human eye.
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Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability. Many...

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Topological Superconductivity in Cu(x)Bi(2)Se(3).

Satoshi Sasaki1, M Kriener, Kouji Segawa

  • 1Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Japan.

Physical Review Letters
|December 21, 2011
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Summary

Researchers found evidence of Majorana fermions in the topological superconductor Cu(x)Bi(2)Se(3), indicating topological superconductivity. An unusual pseudogap also coexists with this state.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Topological superconductors (TSCs) feature protected surface states with Majorana fermions.
  • Cu(x)Bi(2)Se(3) is a candidate material predicted to host a topological superconducting state.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the superconducting properties of Cu(x)Bi(2)Se(3).
  • To provide evidence for topological superconductivity and search for Majorana fermions.

Main Methods:

  • Point-contact spectroscopy was performed on cleaved surfaces of superconducting Cu(x)Bi(2)Se(3).
  • Theoretical analysis of possible superconducting states was conducted.

Main Results:

  • A zero-bias conductance peak (ZBCP) was observed, indicating unconventional superconductivity.
  • The ZBCP is attributed to Majorana fermions, supporting topological superconductivity.
  • An unusual pseudogap was found below 20 K, coexisting with the topological superconducting state.

Conclusions:

  • The findings provide strong evidence for topological superconductivity in Cu(x)Bi(2)Se(3).
  • The observed ZBCP is a signature of Majorana fermions in this material.