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Related Concept Videos

Narcolepsy01:07

Narcolepsy

Narcolepsy is a chronic sleep disorder characterized by pervasive, uncontrolled sleepiness and other sleep disturbances. One of its hallmark symptoms is an abrupt transition to REM sleep upon falling asleep, which causes symptoms typically associated with this phase to occur unexpectedly during wakefulness. These include the following symptoms, which typically last from a minute or two to half an hour.
Sleep-Wake Cycles01:24

Sleep-Wake Cycles

Sleep is an essential physiological process vital to maintaining overall well-being. The reticular activating system (RAS), a network of neurons in the brainstem, regulates wakefulness and sleep. While it may seem passive, sleep consists of distinct cycles, each with its unique characteristics and functions. Two key sleep phases are non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and  rapid eye movement (REM).
NREM Sleep
NREM sleep comprises four progressive stages that seamlessly merge:
Sleep Apnea01:21

Sleep Apnea

Sleep apnea is a condition where breathing stops intermittently during sleep, often leading to significant health issues. Each episode can last from 10 to 20 seconds or more and is frequently accompanied by a brief arousal from sleep. This disturbance, largely unnoticed by the individual, can lead to severe daytime fatigue. Commonly, individuals seek help after being informed by their partners about loud snoring and noticeable breathing pauses during sleep.
The condition is more prevalent among...
Sleepwalking and Sleep Talking01:17

Sleepwalking and Sleep Talking

Somnambulism, commonly known as sleepwalking, involves individuals engaging in activities ranging from simple walking to more complex behaviors such as driving. Sleepwalking typically occurs during the slow-wave sleep stages 3 and 4 early in the night when the person is not dreaming, contradicting the myth that sleepwalkers are acting out their dreams.
Factors that increase the likelihood of sleepwalking include sleep deprivation and alcohol consumption. Contrary to common beliefs, it is safe...
REM Sleep Behavior Disorder01:15

REM Sleep Behavior Disorder

REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD) is a sleep disorder characterized by the absence of muscle paralysis that normally occurs during the REM phase of sleep. This absence allows individuals to physically act out their dreams, which are often vivid and disturbing. Common behaviors exhibited during episodes include kicking, punching, and yelling. These actions can be dangerous, potentially leading to injuries for the person with RBD or their bed partner.
RBD is significantly associated with...
Other Pulmonary Disorders01:17

Other Pulmonary Disorders

Respiratory disorders encompass a range of conditions with varying levels of severity. Asthma, marked by chronic airway inflammation and hypersensitivity, is one such condition. It can lead to airway obstruction due to factors like bronchial spasms, mucosal edema, increased mucus secretion, or epithelial damage. Asthma triggers are diverse, ranging from allergens to emotional upset, and treatment focuses on both immediate relief through bronchodilators and long-term inflammation suppression.

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Narcolepsy and sleep-disordered breathing.

A D Pataka1, R R Frangulyan, T W Mackay

  • 1Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece. patakath@yahoo.gr

European Journal of Neurology
|December 21, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is common in narcolepsy patients. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy is effective for narcoleptics with obstructive sleep apnoea-hypopnoea syndrome (OSAHS).

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Area of Science:

  • Sleep Medicine
  • Neurology
  • Pulmonology

Background:

  • Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is frequently observed in patients diagnosed with narcolepsy.
  • Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy may offer benefits for narcoleptic individuals with SDB.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of SDB in narcolepsy patients referred to a specialized sleep clinic.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of CPAP as an additional treatment for narcolepsy patients with SDB.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 102 patients diagnosed with narcolepsy according to ICSD-2 criteria between 2000 and 2009.
  • Analysis of SDB diagnosis, CPAP initiation, and concurrent stimulant use.

Main Results:

  • 28.5% of narcolepsy patients had coexisting obstructive sleep apnoea-hypopnoea syndrome (OSAHS).
  • CPAP therapy improved Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) scores in patients with narcolepsy and OSAHS.
  • Concomitant stimulant use did not enhance CPAP's effectiveness.

Conclusions:

  • SDB is a common comorbidity in narcolepsy patients.
  • CPAP is a valuable adjunctive therapy for narcolepsy patients diagnosed with OSAHS.