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Stanley Schachter and Jerome Singer proposed the two-factor theory of emotion, which emphasizes the interplay between physiological arousal and cognitive labeling in forming emotional experiences. This theory suggests that emotions are not simply a result of physiological responses but rather a combination of these responses and the individual's cognitive interpretation of them.
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Cognitive Appraisal and Emotional Response
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 26, 2026

Cross-Modal Multivariate Pattern Analysis

Cross-Modal Multivariate Pattern Analysis

Published on: November 9, 2011

Crossmodal interactions in audiovisual emotion processing.

Veronika I Müller¹, Edna C Cieslik, Bruce I Turetsky

¹Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany. vmueller@ukaachen.de

|December 21, 2011

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

The posterior superior temporal sulcus (pSTS) integrates and gates audio-visual emotional information, modulating amygdala activity. This study reveals the neural network

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Exploring the Use of Isolated Expressions and Film Clips to Evaluate Emotion Recognition by People with Traumatic Brain Injury

Exploring the Use of Isolated Expressions and Film Clips to Evaluate Emotion Recognition by People with Traumatic Brain Injury

Published on: May 15, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 26, 2026

Cross-Modal Multivariate Pattern Analysis

Cross-Modal Multivariate Pattern Analysis

Published on: November 9, 2011

Exploring the Use of Isolated Expressions and Film Clips to Evaluate Emotion Recognition by People with Traumatic Brain Injury

Exploring the Use of Isolated Expressions and Film Clips to Evaluate Emotion Recognition by People with Traumatic Brain Injury

Published on: May 15, 2016

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Cognitive Science
Psychology

Background:

Emotional information is often multimodal, influencing cross-modal processing.
Previous fMRI identified amygdala activity attenuation during congruent audio-visual emotional stimuli.

Purpose of the Study:

Investigate the effective connectivity of the neural network underlying the emotion presence congruence effect.
Elucidate the role of specific brain regions in audio-visual emotional information processing.

Main Methods:

Dynamic causal modeling (DCM) was employed to analyze effective connectivity.
fMRI data from a previous study on audio-visual integration was re-analyzed.

Main Results:

A model family with specific interhemispheric interactions was strongly supported.
Key connections identified: bilateral fusiform gyrus (FFG) to left amygdala, and bilateral posterior superior temporal sulcus (pSTS) modulating these connections.
Evidence for rightward lateralization of FFG in response to visual stimuli (faces).

Conclusions:

The pSTS plays a crucial role in integrating and gating audio-visual emotional information, influencing amygdala responses.
The FFG shows rightward lateralization for visual emotional stimuli processing.
Findings enhance understanding of the neural mechanisms of multimodal emotional processing.