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The femur is the body's longest and strongest bone spanning the thigh region. Its head articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone to form the hip joint. A minor indentation on the medial side of the femoral head, called the fovea capitis, serves as the site of attachment for the ligament of the head of the femur. This weak ligament spans the femur and acetabulum and supports the hip joint. The narrowed region below the head is the neck of the femur. The inclination angle between the neck...
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Related Experiment Video

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3D Kinematic Gait Analysis for Preclinical Studies in Rodents
10:19

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Published on: August 3, 2019

Patellar tracking during the gait cycle.

Ghulam Abbas1, Ceri Diss

  • 1Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Royal Cornwall Hospital, Cornwall, England. gabbas@doctors.org.uk

Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery (Hong Kong)
|December 21, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study used a 9-camera infrared system to assess normal patellar tracking during walking. Findings suggest that patellar mal-tracking may be linked to lower body segment positioning rather than force dynamics.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Kinesiology
  • Orthopedics

Background:

  • Understanding normal patellar tracking is crucial for diagnosing and treating knee conditions.
  • Previous studies have utilized various methods to analyze patellar motion, but precise quantification during dynamic activities like walking remains an area of interest.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantitatively assess normal patellar tracking during the walking gait cycle using a high-resolution 9-camera infrared motion analysis system.
  • To establish normative data for patellar motion (shift and tilt) relative to the knee joint center during walking.

Main Methods:

  • Ten healthy participants (5 men, 5 women) aged 25-33 years with normal lower limbs underwent 16 walking trials.
  • 12 retro-reflective markers were placed on anatomical landmarks, with 4 additional markers on the patella to track its position.
  • Patellar motion was defined as angles relative to the knee joint center, captured via a 9-camera infrared system, with data smoothed and analyzed per gait cycle.

Main Results:

  • The patella and knee joint center did not move in unison during walking, with significant subject-dependent variations.
  • Maximum patellar shift and tilt angles predominantly occurred during the swing and early stance phases of the gait cycle.
  • Medial-lateral patellar motion (shift) was more pronounced than proximal-distal motion (tilt).

Conclusions:

  • Abnormal patellar tracking, characterized by excessive shift or tilt outside specific gait phases, can be detected.
  • The findings suggest that the positional alignment of lower body segments may be a more significant factor in patella mal-tracking than force absorption or generation.