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Related Concept Videos

Diazonium Group Substitution: –OH and –H01:19

Diazonium Group Substitution: –OH and –H

Nitrous acid, a weak acid, is prepared in situ via the reaction of sodium nitrite with a strong acid under cold conditions. This nitrous acid prepared in situ reacts with primary arylamines to form arenediazonium salts. Such reactions are known as diazotization reactions. As shown in Figure 1, the formation of arenediazonium salts begins with the decomposition of nitrous acid in an acidic solution to give nitrosonium ions.
Diazonium Group Substitution with Halogens and Cyanide: Sandmeyer and Schiemann Reactions01:20

Diazonium Group Substitution with Halogens and Cyanide: Sandmeyer and Schiemann Reactions

Arenediazonium substitution reactions occur when the diazonium group is substituted by various functional groups such as halides, hydroxyl, nitrile, etc. For instance, arenediazonium salts react with copper(I) salts of chloride, bromide, or cyanide to form corresponding aryl chlorides, bromides, and nitriles. These reactions are named Sandmeyer reactions. Although the mechanism of this reaction is complicated, as illustrated in Figure 1, they are believed to progress via an aryl copper...
Exceptions to the Octet Rule02:55

Exceptions to the Octet Rule

Many covalent molecules have central atoms that do not have eight electrons in their Lewis structures. These molecules fall into three categories:
Hydroboration-Oxidation of Alkenes03:08

Hydroboration-Oxidation of Alkenes

In addition to the oxymercuration–demercuration method, which converts the alkenes to alcohols with Markovnikov orientation, a complementary hydroboration-oxidation method yields the anti-Markovnikov product. The hydroboration reaction, discovered in 1959 by H.C. Brown, involves the addition of a B–H bond of borane to an alkene giving an organoborane intermediate. The oxidation of this intermediate with basic hydrogen peroxide forms an alcohol.
Structural Isomerism02:34

Structural Isomerism

Isomerism in Complexes
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula. Structural isomerism of coordination compounds can be divided into two subcategories, the linkage isomers and coordination-sphere isomers.
Linkage isomers occur when the coordination compound contains a ligand that can bind to the transition metal center through two different atoms. For example, the CN− ligand can bind through the carbon atom or through the nitrogen atom. Similarly, SCN− can be...
Metal-Ligand Bonds02:51

Metal-Ligand Bonds

The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...

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Amide Coupling Reaction for the Synthesis of Bispyridine-based Ligands and Their Complexation to Platinum as Dinuclear Anticancer Agents
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Diborane(4) compounds with bidentate diamino groups.

Xiaochen Xie1, Mairi F Haddow, Stephen M Mansell

  • 1University of Bristol, School of Chemistry, Bristol, UK BS8 1TS.

Dalton Transactions (Cambridge, England : 2003)
|December 22, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study synthesizes novel diborane(4) compounds with specific isomers, demonstrating their stability and reactivity. New tetrasubstituted products were created through lithiation and subsequent reactions, characterized by X-ray crystallography.

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Area of Science:

  • Organometallic Chemistry
  • Boron Chemistry
  • Synthetic Inorganic Chemistry

Background:

  • Diborane(4) compounds are versatile building blocks in synthetic chemistry.
  • Understanding the isomerism and reactivity of diborane(4) derivatives is crucial for developing new materials and catalysts.
  • Previous work has established methods for synthesizing some diborane(4) structures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize new diborane(4) compounds with specific diamine ligands.
  • To investigate the isomer selectivity in the formation of diborane(4) compounds.
  • To explore the reactivity of diborane(4) compounds towards lithiation and subsequent functionalization.

Main Methods:

  • Reaction of B(2)(NMe(2))(4) with various diamine precursors.
  • Lithiation of diborane(4) compounds using n-butyllithium.
  • Functionalization of lithiated intermediates with alkyl and aryl tin halides.
  • Characterization of all synthesized compounds using X-ray crystallography.

Main Results:

  • Exclusive formation of 1,2-diborane(4) isomers from reactions with 1,2-diamines, confirmed by computational analysis for stability.
  • Synthesis of tetrasubstituted diborane(4) derivatives via lithiation and subsequent reactions with methyl iodide and organotin halides.
  • Preparation of a 1,1-diborane(4) compound from 1,8-diaminonaphthalene, followed by functionalization to yield tin-containing derivatives.
  • Structural elucidation of all novel compounds through X-ray crystallography.

Conclusions:

  • The synthetic routes provide access to a range of diborane(4) compounds with controlled isomerism.
  • Diborane(4) compounds exhibit rich reactivity, allowing for the introduction of diverse substituents.
  • X-ray crystallography confirms the structures and bonding in these novel organoboron compounds.