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Saitohin polymorphism and executive dysfunction in schizophrenia.

Marta Bosia1, Mariachiara Buonocore, Carmelo Guglielmino

  • 1Department of Clinical Neurosciences, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy. bosia.marta@hsr.it

Neurological Sciences : Official Journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology
|December 22, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The Saitohin (STH) gene polymorphism may influence cognitive decline in schizophrenia and frontotemporal dementia. The G allele was linked to poorer executive function performance in schizophrenia patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Genetics
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Saitohin (STH) is an intronless gene within the human tau gene.
  • A single nucleotide polymorphism (A/G) in STH is implicated in neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases.
  • Previous studies linked this polymorphism to frontal hypoperfusion in frontotemporal dementia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of the STH polymorphism in cognitive decline in schizophrenia.
  • To compare STH allele frequencies in schizophrenia patients, frontotemporal dementia patients, and healthy controls.
  • To assess the STH polymorphism's impact on executive functions in schizophrenia.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed 220 stabilized schizophrenia patients using the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) for executive functions.
  • Compared STH allele frequency in schizophrenia patients with 48 frontotemporal dementia patients and 47 healthy controls.
  • Analyzed STH allele distribution in relation to WCST performance and clinical groups.

Main Results:

  • No significant difference in STH allele distribution was found between healthy controls and other groups.
  • A significantly higher frequency of the G allele was observed in frontotemporal dementia patients (p = 0.037).
  • Schizophrenia patients with poorer WCST performance showed a significantly greater frequency of the G allele (p = 0.044).
  • The STH polymorphism significantly predicted WCST performance in schizophrenia patients (p = 0.007) after stratification for age and gender.

Conclusions:

  • The STH gene polymorphism may contribute to the heterogeneity of frontal executive function deficits in schizophrenia.
  • STH gene products might interact with neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative mechanisms.
  • The STH polymorphism could be a factor in cognitive decline within neuropsychiatric disorders.