Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Vaccinations

Vaccinations

Ethical Dilemmas I

Ethical Dilemmas I

Ethical dilemmas in nursing are of utmost importance, as they often arise from the tension between adhering to core ethical principles and the practical realities of healthcare delivery. These dilemmas require nurses to navigate complex situations where competing ethical considerations pull them in different directions.
Let us explore some examples to understand the potentially complex moral decisions nurses face.
Take the case of caring for minors, particularly in areas related to reproductive...

Development of Immunocompetence

Development of Immunocompetence

The initiation of cell-mediated immunity can be observed as early as the third month of fetal growth, with active antibody-mediated immunity following approximately one month later.
The initial cells that migrate from the fetal thymus settle within the skin and epithelial tissues lining the mouth, digestive tract, and in females, the uterus and vagina. These cells, including skin-based dendritic cells, serve as antigen-presenting cells, playing a key role in T cell activation.
Subsequent T...

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution

Drug distribution in the pediatric population exhibits unique challenges and considerations due to the physiological differences between children, particularly neonates and infants, and adults. A crucial aspect of pediatric pharmacology is understanding how these differences impact the pharmacokinetics of various drugs, necessitating age-specific dosing strategies to ensure efficacy and safety.Neonates and infants have a higher total body water content, ~75%–90% of their body weight, compared...

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion

In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...

Vaccines

Vaccines

Vaccines are among the most effective tools in preventive medicine, designed to prepare the immune system to recognize and combat infectious agents. By introducing antigens—substances that the immune system identifies as foreign—vaccines stimulate an adaptive immune response that leads to immunological memory. This immunological memory enables the body to mount a faster and more effective response upon future exposures to the actual pathogen.Vaccines can be categorized based on the type of...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Expression of ultralong complementarity determining region 3 and development of IgM and IgG B cell receptor repertoires in Holstein heifer calves.

ImmunoHorizons·2026

Same author

Investigating the IgM and IgG B Cell Receptor Repertoires and Expression of Ultralong Complementarity Determining Region 3 in Colostrum and Blood from Holstein-Friesian Cows at Calving.

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI·2024

Same author

Estimates of Sequences with Ultralong and Short CDR3s in the Bovine IgM B Cell Receptor Repertoire Using the Long-read Oxford Nanopore MinION Platform.

ImmunoHorizons·2024

Same author

Advances in Poultry Vaccines: Leveraging Biotechnology for Improving Vaccine Development, Stability, and Delivery.

Vaccines·2024

Same author

The effects of timing of high immune response phenotyping in relation to weaning on immune responses of crossbred beef calves.

Journal of animal science·2023

Same author

Serum IgM antibody response to Clostridioides difficile polysaccharide PS-II vaccination in pony foals.

Anaerobe·2022

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 26, 2026

A Neonatal Imaging Model of Gram-Negative Bacterial Sepsis

A Neonatal Imaging Model of Gram-Negative Bacterial Sepsis

Published on: August 12, 2020

Vaccination of neonates: problem and issues.

Douglas C Hodgins¹, Patricia E Shewen

¹Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1. dhodgins@uoguelph.ca

|December 23, 2011

Summary

Neonatal vaccination faces challenges due to immature immune systems and maternal antibodies. Understanding these factors is crucial for developing effective vaccines for newborns.

Area of Science:

Immunology
Veterinary Medicine
Neonatal Health

Background:

Neonatal vaccination is critical for preventing early-life infectious diseases but faces limited success.
Challenges include immature neonatal immune systems and interference from maternal antibodies.
Current research models have limitations in accurately reflecting neonatal immune responses.

Purpose of the Study:

To review factors influencing neonatal immune responses, including maternal antibodies, corticosteroids, complement proteins, cytokines, and lymphocytes.
To compare findings from studies in domestic animals and humans.
To highlight the need for improved experimental models for studying neonatal immunity.

Main Methods:

Literature review of factors affecting neonatal immune responses.

More Related Videos

Intracerebroventricular and Intravascular Injection of Viral Particles and Fluorescent Microbeads into the Neonatal Brain

Intracerebroventricular and Intravascular Injection of Viral Particles and Fluorescent Microbeads into the Neonatal Brain

Published on: July 24, 2016

Intravenous Injections in Neonatal Mice

Intravenous Injections in Neonatal Mice

Published on: November 11, 2014

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 26, 2026

A Neonatal Imaging Model of Gram-Negative Bacterial Sepsis

A Neonatal Imaging Model of Gram-Negative Bacterial Sepsis

Published on: August 12, 2020

Intracerebroventricular and Intravascular Injection of Viral Particles and Fluorescent Microbeads into the Neonatal Brain

Intracerebroventricular and Intravascular Injection of Viral Particles and Fluorescent Microbeads into the Neonatal Brain

Published on: July 24, 2016

Intravenous Injections in Neonatal Mice

Intravenous Injections in Neonatal Mice

Published on: November 11, 2014

Comparison of data from human and domestic animal studies.

Analysis of theories explaining maternal antibody interference with vaccination.

Main Results:

Maternal antibodies are essential for neonatal protection but can interfere with vaccine efficacy through mechanisms like epitope masking.
Passive antibodies can have both suppressive and enhancing effects on immune responses.
Existing experimental models often use adult surrogates, not bona fide maternal antibodies, necessitating better models.

Conclusions:

Optimizing neonatal vaccines requires a deeper understanding of maternal antibody dynamics and neonatal immune system maturity.
Development of improved experimental models is essential for accurate research.
Harnessing recent immunological and technological advances can enhance neonatal vaccine efficacy.