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Updated: May 26, 2026

Quantifying Human Norovirus Virus-like Particles Binding to Commensal Bacteria Using Flow Cytometry
Published on: April 29, 2020
Serum hemagglutination inhibition activity correlates with protection from gastroenteritis in persons infected with
Rita Czakó1, Robert L Atmar, Antone R Opekun
1Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
Abstract:
A hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) assay to assess serum antibody responses following Norwalk virus (NV) infection was developed. HAI activity increased significantly in individuals experimentally infected with NV (n = 18) and correlated with antibody levels measured in a histo-blood group antigen (HBGA) blocking assay. Prechallenge HAI antibody levels also correlated with protection from the development of gastroenteritis (Mann-Whitney test, P = 0.02). The HAI assay is another assay suitable for the detection of antibody that correlates with protection from Norwalk virus-associated disease.

