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Updated: May 26, 2026

Anatomical Reconstructions of the Human Cardiac Venous System using Contrast-computed Tomography of Perfusion-fixed Specimens
Published on: April 18, 2013
[Application of double source multidetector computed tomography in visualization of cardiac veins]
Lang He1, Zhi-jun Wang, Jian-jun Zhang
1College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
Objective:
To evaluate the value of double source multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) in visualization of cardiac veins in patients with chronic heart failure.
Methods:
Thirty-five patients with chronic heart failure (aged 65.4 ± 8.8, 21 males and 14 females) were enrolled in the study. In Group A, MDCT and retrograde coronary venography (RCV) were performed consecutively; in Group B anterograde visualization of the coronary venous and RCV were performed.
Results:
Coronary sinus, GCV and MCV of all individuals were identified in MDCT. LVPV was observed in 65% patients of Group A, and 66.7% patients of Group B. The correlation coefficient between MDCT and RCV was 0.944, and that between CVG and RCV was 0.42.
Conclusion:
Non-invasive evaluation of cardiac veins with double source CT is feasible and may be used in cardiac resynchronization therapy.
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