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Related Concept Videos

Drug Discovery: Overview01:26

Drug Discovery: Overview

Drug discovery is a multifaceted process involving extensive screening, testing, and optimization of lead compounds to identify potential new drugs for therapeutic use. It combines several approaches, including screening large numbers of natural products, chemical modification of known active molecules, identification of new drug targets, and rational design based on biological mechanisms and drug-receptor structure. These approaches are carried out in both academic research laboratories and...
Translation01:31

Translation

Lesson: Translation
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
Translational Regulation01:29

Translational Regulation

Translational regulation in prokaryotes ensures efficient protein synthesis by controlling ribosome access to mRNA. This regulation is mediated by secondary RNA structures, including translational riboswitches, RNA thermometers, and small RNAs (sRNAs), which respond to intracellular and environmental signals to modulate gene expression.Translational RiboswitchesRiboswitches in the leader region of mRNAs can regulate translation by altering the accessibility of the Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence,...
Transcription01:10

Transcription

Overview
Transcription is the process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in the proper synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA). Regulation of transcription is responsible for the differentiation of all the different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds...
Synthetic Biology02:55

Synthetic Biology

Synthetic biology is an interdisciplinary science that involves using principles from disciplines such as engineering, molecular biology, cell biology, and systems biology. It involves remodeling existing organisms from nature or constructing completely new synthetic organisms for applications such as protein or enzyme production, bioremediation, value-added macromolecule production, and the addition of desirable traits to crops, to name a few.
Golden rice
Golden rice is a genetically modified...
Improving Translational Accuracy02:07

Improving Translational Accuracy

Base complementarity between the three base pairs of mRNA codon and the tRNA anticodon is not a failsafe mechanism. Inaccuracies can range from a single mismatch to no correct base pairing at all. The free energy difference between the correct and nearly correct base pairs can be as small as 3 kcal/ mol. With complementarity being the only proofreading step, the estimated error frequency would be one wrong amino acid in every 100 amino acids incorporated. However, error frequencies observed in...

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Improving Student Outcomes with an Adaptable Molecular Cloning Course-Based Undergraduate Research Experience
10:17

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Process of discovery: a fourth-year translational science course.

Benedict F DiGiovanni1, Denham S Ward, Steven M O'Donnell

  • 1Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA. Benedict_DiGiovanni@urmc.rochester.edu

Medical Education Online
|December 23, 2011
PubMed
Summary

A fourth-year medical course effectively teaches clinical and translational research principles, significantly improving students' understanding and future outlook on medical advancements.

Keywords:
basic science courseclinical and translational researchfourth year coursemedical school curriculummedical studentstranslational science course

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Education
  • Clinical Research
  • Translational Science

Background:

  • The Liaison Committee on Medical Education emphasizes the need for medical student education in clinical and translational research.
  • Integrating research principles into medical curricula is crucial for advancing healthcare.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe a fourth-year medical course, "Process of discovery," designed to teach clinical and translational research principles.
  • To evaluate student perceptions and the effectiveness of this educational intervention.

Main Methods:

  • The course's core components and pedagogical strategies were detailed.
  • Pre- and post-course assessments were utilized to measure changes in student understanding.

Main Results:

  • Over 562 students participated between 2004-2009, with high response rates for assessments.
  • Students reported a significant increase in their understanding of clinical and translational research and future clinical advances.

Conclusions:

  • The fourth-year course successfully imparts clinical and translational research knowledge.
  • The course is perceived positively by students and fulfills curriculum requirements for research education.