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Related Concept Videos

The Cochlea01:13

The Cochlea

The cochlea is a coiled structure in the inner ear that contains hair cells—the sensory receptors of the auditory system. Sound waves are transmitted to the cochlea by small bones attached to the eardrum called the ossicles, which vibrate the oval window that leads to the inner ear. This causes fluid in the chambers of the cochlea to move, vibrating the basilar membrane.
Hair Cells01:22

Hair Cells

Hair cells are the sensory receptors of the auditory system—they transduce mechanical sound waves into electrical energy that the nervous system can understand. Hair cells are located in the organ of Corti within the cochlea of the inner ear, between the basilar and tectorial membranes. The actual sensory receptors are called inner hair cells. The outer hair cells serve other functions, such as sound amplification in the cochlea, and are not discussed in detail here.

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Performing Repeated Intraoperative Impedance Telemetry Measurements during Cochlear Implantation
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Published on: August 4, 2023

Microphone directionality, pre-emphasis filter, and wind noise in cochlear implants.

King Chung, Nicholas McKibben

    Journal of the American Academy of Audiology
    |December 24, 2011
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Cochlear implant users benefit from both directional and omnidirectional microphones for noise reduction. Analyzing signals after pre-emphasis filters improves microphone switching for better wind noise management.

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    Area of Science:

    • Audiology
    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Signal Processing

    Background:

    • Wind noise poses significant challenges for cochlear implant (CI) users, especially outdoors.
    • Existing CI microphone technologies (directional vs. omnidirectional) and pre-emphasis filters have limitations in mitigating wind noise.
    • Effective wind noise reduction strategies for hearing aids may not directly translate to CI systems due to pre-emphasis filtering.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the impact of microphone directionality on speech recognition and sound quality for CI users in wind noise.
    • To develop improved wind noise reduction strategies specifically for cochlear implant devices.

    Main Methods:

    • A repeated-measures design was employed to assess spectral and temporal masking effects of wind noise.
    • Wind noise was recorded using directional and omnidirectional microphones at various flow velocities (4.5 and 13.5 m/sec) in a wind tunnel.
    • Speech recognition and sound quality were evaluated in 16 postlingually deafened adult CI users, with analysis of noise characteristics before and after pre-emphasis filtering.

    Main Results:

    • Speech recognition scores were higher with the omnidirectional microphone at 13.5 m/sec, but similar between modes at 4.5 m/sec.
    • A stronger correlation between speech recognition and wind noise crest factors was observed after pre-emphasis filtering.
    • The study analyzed spectral and temporal characteristics of wind noise and its interaction with speech signals.

    Conclusions:

    • Cochlear implant users can benefit from utilizing both directional and omnidirectional microphones to combat background and wind noise.
    • Optimizing automatic microphone switching algorithms by analyzing signals post-pre-emphasis filtering can enhance wind noise reduction effectiveness.
    • Further research into adaptive microphone strategies tailored for CI users in noisy environments is warranted.