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Effects of nasal immunization of multi-target preventive vaccines on atherosclerosis

Long Jun1, Lin Jie, Yuan Dongping

  • 1Department of Clinic Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.

Vaccine
|December 24, 2011
PubMed

Insights

A novel vaccine targeting both heat shock protein-65 (Hsp65) and cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) reduced atherosclerosis in rabbits. This dual-action vaccine shows promise for treating complex cardiovascular diseases.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cardiovascular Science
  • Vaccinology

Background:

  • Atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases involve inflammation and lipid dysregulation.
  • Existing anti-inflammatory or lipid-lowering treatments offer partial benefits.
  • The efficacy of a combined anti-inflammatory and lipid-targeting vaccine for atherosclerosis is unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate a multi-target vaccine against heat shock protein-65 (Hsp65) and cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP).
  • To assess the vaccine's impact on high-cholesterol-diet-induced rabbit atherosclerosis lesions via nasal immunization.

Main Methods:

  • Nasal immunization with a dual-target vaccine (anti-Hsp65 and anti-CETP).
  • ELISA assays for IgG and IgA in sera, nasal lavages, and lung washes.
  • Analysis of antibody avidity, cytokine profiles (IL-10, IFN-γ), and lipoproteins.
  • Histopathological assessment of aortic atherosclerotic lesions.

Main Results:

  • Induction of lasting anti-Hsp65 IgG and high anti-CETP IgG in sera.
  • Generation of protective anti-Hsp65 and anti-CETP IgA in mucosal sites (nasal cavity, lungs).
  • Increased antibody avidity, elevated IL-10, reduced IFN-γ, and decreased serum total cholesterol (TC) and LDL-C.
  • Significant reduction in the size of aortic atherosclerotic plaques.

Conclusions:

  • A multifaceted vaccine targeting both inflammation (Hsp65) and lipid metabolism (CETP) is effective in reducing atherosclerosis.
  • Nasal immunization with this dual-action vaccine offers a potential therapeutic strategy for atherosclerosis.
  • This approach may be particularly beneficial for atherosclerosis with complex underlying causes.

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