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Related Concept Videos

Magnetic Damping01:17

Magnetic Damping

Eddy currents can produce significant drag on motion, called magnetic damping. For instance, when a metallic pendulum bob swings between the poles of a strong magnet, significant drag acts on the bob as it enters and leaves the field, quickly damping the motion.
If, however, the bob is a slotted metal plate, the magnet produces a much smaller effect. When a slotted metal plate enters the field, an emf is induced by the change in flux; however, it is less effective because the slots limit the...
Eddy Currents01:25

Eddy Currents

Since eddy currents occur only in conductors, magnets can separate metals from other materials. For example, in a recycling center, trash is dumped in batches down a ramp, beneath which lies a powerful magnet. Conductors in the trash are slowed by eddy currents, while nonmetals in the trash move on, separating from the metals. This works for all metals, not just ferromagnetic ones.
Other major applications of eddy currents appear in metal detectors and the braking systems of trains and roller...
Magnetism01:30

Magnetism

Magnets are commonly found in everyday objects, such as toys, hangers, elevators, doorbells, and computer devices. Experimentation on these magnets shows that all magnets have two poles: one is labeled north (N) and the other south (S). Magnetic poles repel if they are alike and attract if unlike. Moreover, both poles of a magnet attract unmagnetized pieces of iron.
An individual magnetic pole cannot be isolated. No matter how small, every piece of a magnet contains a north pole and a south...
Magnetic Field Due to Two Straight Wires01:18

Magnetic Field Due to Two Straight Wires

Consider two parallel straight wires carrying a current of 10 A and 20 A in the same direction and separated by a distance of 20 cm. Calculate the magnetic field at a point "P2", midway between the wires. Also, evaluate the magnetic field when the direction of the current is reversed in the second wire.
Magnetic Field Of A Current Loop01:16

Magnetic Field Of A Current Loop

Consider a circular loop with a radius a, that carries a current I. The magnetic field due to the current at an arbitrary point P along the axis of the loop can be calculated using the Biot-Savart law.
Mass Analyzers: Common Types01:19

Mass Analyzers: Common Types

The quadrupole mass analyzer consists of four cylindrical metal rods arranged in a diamond carrying a DC voltage and a radio-frequency AC voltage. The motion of ions through the quadrupole depends on the field strength, causing only ions of a certain m/z to resonate successfully and strike the detector at a given field strength. Though the transmission rate for these analyzers is high, the exact elemental composition of the sample is not determined because of low resolution; however, they are...

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Related Experiment Video

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Experimental Methods for Trapping Ions Using Microfabricated Surface Ion Traps
11:45

Experimental Methods for Trapping Ions Using Microfabricated Surface Ion Traps

Published on: August 17, 2017

Magnetic trap construction.

Timothée Lionnet, Jean-François Allemand, Andrey Revyakin

    Cold Spring Harbor Protocols
    |December 24, 2011
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Researchers developed a magnetic trap technique to precisely stretch and twist single DNA molecules. This method offers absolute force measurements, crucial for biopolymer studies.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biophysics
    • Molecular Biology
    • Nanotechnology

    Background:

    • Single-molecule manipulation techniques are advancing the study of DNA and biopolymers.
    • The magnetic trap offers a method to apply and measure forces on single molecules.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To describe the construction and use of a magnetic trap for single DNA molecule studies.
    • To detail the creation of a microchamber and DNA end-labeling procedures for magnetic tweezers experiments.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizing a magnetic trap to bind and manipulate single DNA molecules between a glass surface and a magnetic microbead.
    • Employing controlled magnets to stretch and twist DNA, enabling force application and measurement from 10^-3 to >100 picoNewtons.
    • Preparing a microchamber with antibody coating and passivation, and end-labeling DNA fragments with biotin and digoxigenin for specific attachment.

    Main Results:

    • The magnetic trap system allows for precise control and measurement of forces on single DNA molecules.
    • Absolute force measurement without sensor calibration is a key advantage of this technique.
    • The described protocol facilitates the specific attachment of labeled DNA to a functionalized microchamber surface.

    Conclusions:

    • The magnetic trap is a powerful and accessible tool for single-molecule biophysics research.
    • This protocol provides a comprehensive guide for researchers to build and utilize magnetic tweezers for DNA studies.
    • The technique enables detailed investigation into the mechanical properties of DNA and other biopolymers.