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Related Concept Videos

Aggression01:47

Aggression

Humans engage in aggression when they seek to cause harm or pain to another person. Aggression takes two forms depending on one’s motives: hostile or instrumental. Hostile aggression is motivated by feelings of anger with intent to cause pain; a fight in a bar with a stranger is an example of hostile aggression. In contrast, instrumental aggression is motivated by achieving a goal and does not necessarily involve intent to cause pain (Berkowitz, 1993); a contract killer who murders for hire...
Bullying02:04

Bullying

A modern form of aggression is bullying. As you learn in your study of child development, socializing and playing with other children is beneficial for children’s psychological development. However, as you may have experienced as a child, not all play behavior has positive outcomes. Some children are aggressive and want to play roughly. Other children are selfish and do not want to share toys. One form of negative social interactions among children that has become a national concern is bullying.
Operant Conditioning Intervention01:24

Operant Conditioning Intervention

Operant conditioning serves as a foundational principle in therapeutic interventions aimed at modifying maladaptive behaviors. Central to this approach is the notion that behaviors, both adaptive and maladaptive, are learned through reinforcement. By analyzing the environmental factors that reinforce problematic behaviors, clinicians can design interventions to weaken these reinforcements and replace maladaptive behaviors with healthier alternatives.
In operant conditioning, behaviors that are...
Behavior Modification01:21

Behavior Modification

Behavioral approaches have often been criticized for ignoring mental processes and focusing solely on observable behavior. However, these approaches provide an optimistic perspective for individuals seeking to change their behaviors. Rather than concentrating on intrinsic personality traits, behavioral approaches suggest that even longstanding habits can be modified by changing the reward contingencies that maintain them.
A real-world application of operant conditioning principles is applied...
Modeling in Therapy01:26

Modeling in Therapy

Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in situations...
Behavior Therapy01:22

Behavior Therapy

Behavior therapy incorporates diverse techniques rooted in classical conditioning principles to address maladaptive behaviors and anxiety disorders. These methods aim to reduce avoidance behaviors, foster adaptive coping mechanisms, and alter associations between stimuli and responses, making them effective in a wide range of therapeutic contexts.
Exposure therapy is a cornerstone of behavioral treatment for anxiety disorders. It involves systematic exposure to feared stimuli, either in real...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 26, 2026

The Resident-intruder Paradigm: A Standardized Test for Aggression, Violence and Social Stress
09:12

The Resident-intruder Paradigm: A Standardized Test for Aggression, Violence and Social Stress

Published on: July 4, 2013

Experts' recommendations for treating maladaptive aggression in youth.

Elizabeth Pappadopulos1, Nancy Scotto Rosato, Christoph U Correll

  • 1Center for the Advancement of Children's Mental Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.

Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology
|December 27, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Expert consensus indicates that psychosocial interventions and parent training should precede medication for treating pediatric aggression. This approach is recommended at all stages of treatment for youth aggression.

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Area of Science:

  • Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
  • Pediatric Behavioral Health
  • Evidence-Based Practice

Background:

  • Pediatric aggression treatment commonly involves antipsychotics, but evidence for optimal approaches is limited.
  • Pediatricians increasingly manage these treatments, highlighting a need for clear guidelines.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To gather expert consensus on treating maladaptive aggression in youth.
  • To inform the development of treatment guidelines for pediatricians and psychiatrists (T-MAY).

Main Methods:

  • A 27-item survey was completed by 46 experts in pediatric aggression treatment.
  • Experts included psychiatrists, pediatricians, and researchers with extensive experience.
  • Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and confidence intervals.

Main Results:

  • Expert consensus clearly distinguished optimal from non-optimal treatment strategies.
  • Experts favored psychosocial interventions and parent training over medication initially.
  • This preference for non-pharmacological approaches extended through all medication treatment phases.

Conclusions:

  • Evidence-informed strategies for pediatric aggression are achievable through expert consensus.
  • Expert opinions support specific practices for optimal outpatient management of severe behavioral difficulties in youth.
  • Findings address the gap between research literature and clinical practice in pediatric aggression treatment.