Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Preparedness and Phobias01:09

Preparedness and Phobias

Human fear responses to certain stimuli, such as darkness, heights, deep water, and blood, can often arise despite the absence of direct negative experiences. This phenomenon is rooted in evolutionary psychology, which posits that humans have developed a predisposition to fear stimuli that historically posed significant survival threats. This predisposition, known as preparedness, suggests that early humans who developed a fear of potentially dangerous entities, such as venomous snakes and...
Associative Learning01:27

Associative Learning

Associative learning is a fundamental concept in behavioral psychology, wherein a connection is established between two stimuli or events, leading to a learned response. This process is critical in understanding how behaviors are acquired and modified. Conditioning, the mechanism through which associations are formed, can be divided into two main types: classical conditioning and operant conditioning, each elucidating different aspects of associative learning.
Classical conditioning, also known...
Avoidance Learning and Learned Helplessness01:14

Avoidance Learning and Learned Helplessness

Avoidance learning and learned helplessness are critical concepts in understanding behavioral responses to negative stimuli.
Avoidance learning occurs when an organism learns that a specific behavior can prevent an unpleasant outcome. For example, a student who receives a bad grade may start studying harder to avoid future poor grades. This behavior persists even when the negative outcome is no longer present. Avoidance learning is powerful because it maintains behavior in the absence of the...
Classical Conditioning01:18

Classical Conditioning

Associative learning, a core principle in behavioral psychology, involves forming connections between events and facilitating learned responses. This concept is vividly illustrated by classical conditioning, a process extensively studied by the Russian physiologist Ivan Pavlov. Pavlov's pioneering research on dogs' digestive systems led to the discovery that behaviors can be learned through association, laying the groundwork for classical conditioning.
Ivan Pavlov observed that dogs salivated...
Social Anxiety Disorder01:28

Social Anxiety Disorder

Social anxiety disorder, also known as social phobia, is characterized by an intense fear of social situations where one might face humiliation, rejection, embarrassment, or negative evaluation. This disorder leads individuals to avoid activities like casual conversations, public speaking, or seemingly simple tasks such as eating, signing documents, or swimming, in public settings. Its impact extends beyond discomfort, often significantly interfering with daily functioning and quality of life.
Higher Mental Functions of Brain: Learning and Memory01:26

Higher Mental Functions of Brain: Learning and Memory

Memory is one of the most vital higher mental functions of the brain. Memory is closely related to learning because it enables us to retain information and experiences from our past to use them in our present life. It also helps us to remember facts, events, and skills, such as riding a bike or swimming. There are two types of memory — declarative memory, which involves memorizing facts or events, and procedural memory, which enables us to remember how to do something like writing or playing an...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Implementation and effectiveness of the web‑based skills training START NOW in adolescents in residential youth care: a cluster randomized controlled trial.

Child and adolescent psychiatry and mental health·2026
Same author

Correction: Attitudes towards people with mental disorders: results of a psychometric evaluation and confirmatory factor analysis of the stigma towards people with mental disorders (SToP MD) scale.

BMC psychology·2026
Same author

Effectiveness and implementation of Self-Help Plus (SH+) and Doing What Matters in Times of Stress (DWMS): protocol of a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BMJ open·2026
Same author

Multi-session CBM-I for social anxiety: examining psychopathology, cognitive, neural, and psychophysiological effects in a randomized controlled trial.

Translational psychiatry·2026
Same author

Attitudes towards people with mental disorders: results of a psychometric evaluation and confirmatory factor analysis of the stigma towards people with mental disorders (SToP-MD) scale.

BMC psychology·2026
Same author

From Expectation to Learning: A Mediational Model of Exposure Therapy Outcome in Anxiety Disorders.

Psychotherapy and psychosomatics·2026
Same journal

Exploring a novel perspective on dissociative symptoms in PTSD: A habit-goal framework.

Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry·2026
Same journal

Guided memory retrieval shapes subsequent intrusive memories: A systematic manipulation of memory retrieval.

Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry·2026
Same journal

Does future-oriented imagery rescripting increase willingness to carry out a social anxiety-related behavioral experiment? An extended replication.

Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry·2026
Same journal

Green minds, sharp thoughts: How grass contact enhances cognitive performance and well-being in young adults.

Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry·2026
Same journal

Shaping new perceptions: A preliminary multi-method investigation of changes in hostile attributions following a psychoeducational mentalization-based treatment module.

Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry·2026
Same journal

Safety behaviours in body dysmorphic disorder extend to the digital world.

Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 26, 2026

Modified Fear Conditioning for Inducing Flight Behaviors in Mice
04:03

Modified Fear Conditioning for Inducing Flight Behaviors in Mice

Published on: December 15, 2023

Associative learning in flying phobia.

Noortje Vriends1, Tanja Michael, Bettina Schindler

  • 1Division of Clinical Psychology and Psychiatry, Department of Psychology, University of Basel, Missionsstrasse 62a, 4055 Basel, Switzerland. noortje.vriends@unibas.ch

Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry
|December 27, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Individuals with flying phobia exhibit stronger associative learning (conditioning) compared to healthy individuals. This enhanced conditioning may explain why some develop flying phobia after frightening experiences.

More Related Videos

Drosophila Passive Avoidance Behavior as a New Paradigm to Study Associative Aversive Learning
06:20

Drosophila Passive Avoidance Behavior as a New Paradigm to Study Associative Aversive Learning

Published on: October 15, 2021

A Novel Pavlovian Fear Conditioning Paradigm to Study Freezing and Flight Behavior
09:26

A Novel Pavlovian Fear Conditioning Paradigm to Study Freezing and Flight Behavior

Published on: January 5, 2021

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 26, 2026

Modified Fear Conditioning for Inducing Flight Behaviors in Mice
04:03

Modified Fear Conditioning for Inducing Flight Behaviors in Mice

Published on: December 15, 2023

Drosophila Passive Avoidance Behavior as a New Paradigm to Study Associative Aversive Learning
06:20

Drosophila Passive Avoidance Behavior as a New Paradigm to Study Associative Aversive Learning

Published on: October 15, 2021

A Novel Pavlovian Fear Conditioning Paradigm to Study Freezing and Flight Behavior
09:26

A Novel Pavlovian Fear Conditioning Paradigm to Study Freezing and Flight Behavior

Published on: January 5, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive psychology
  • Clinical psychology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Anxiety disorders are linked to strong associative learning.
  • Associative learning's role in specific phobias, like flying phobia, is understudied.
  • Understanding conditioning mechanisms is key to explaining individual differences in phobia development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate associative learning in patients with flying phobia.
  • To compare conditioning effects in flying phobia patients versus healthy controls.
  • To utilize a modified associative learning paradigm (Olson & Fazio, 2001).

Main Methods:

  • A modified associative learning paradigm was employed.
  • Participants (flying phobia patients and healthy controls) viewed object-stimulus pairings.
  • Conditioned stimuli (novel objects) were paired with frightening and pleasant unconditioned stimuli.

Main Results:

  • Patients with flying phobia rated conditioned stimuli as more frightening.
  • Flying phobia patients demonstrated stronger discrimination between conditioned stimuli based on valence.
  • A stronger conditioning effect was observed in the flying phobia group.

Conclusions:

  • Findings suggest enhanced associative learning in flying phobia.
  • This stronger conditioning may contribute to the etiology of specific phobias.
  • Results help explain why only some individuals develop flying phobia after aversive events.