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Related Concept Videos

Disorders of the Male Reproductive System01:20

Disorders of the Male Reproductive System

Men's health issues are increasingly recognized as significant, with several conditions posing common threats. Among these, testicular cancer is especially prevalent in younger men, particularly those aged 20 to 35 years. The disease often manifests as a painless mass in the testicles, sometimes accompanied by a sensation of heaviness or a dull ache.
Prostate disorders are another major concern. These conditions can impair urinary flow due to the prostate's location around the urethra. Symptoms...
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Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
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Preventive Healthcare Services01:30

Preventive Healthcare Services

Preventive healthcare services keep people healthy via frequent check-ups, screening, and counseling. They primarily aid in disease prevention rather than treating an acute or chronic illness. Preventive treatment also keeps individuals productive and energetic, allowing them to work well into their retirement years. Examples of preventive care services include:
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Updated: May 26, 2026

A New Technique for Treating Low-risk Prostate Cancer—Super Active Surveillance
05:19

A New Technique for Treating Low-risk Prostate Cancer—Super Active Surveillance

Published on: November 7, 2025

Prostate cancer screening.

Ken Sikaris1

  • 1Chemical Pathology, Sonic Health, Melbourne Pathology, Collingwood, Victoria, Australia. ken.sikaris@mps.com.au

Pathology
|December 27, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Early prostate cancer detection is crucial for cure. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) blood tests offer improvements in specificity and sensitivity, aiding informed screening choices for better outcomes.

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A New Technique for Treating Low-risk Prostate Cancer—Super Active Surveillance
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Transperineal Prostate Biopsy Using a Cone-shaped Double-hole Method with Dual-plane Probe Guidance
05:35

Transperineal Prostate Biopsy Using a Cone-shaped Double-hole Method with Dual-plane Probe Guidance

Published on: June 6, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Oncology
  • Medical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Prostate cancer is a potentially lethal disease requiring early detection for curative treatment.
  • Screening trials are lengthy due to the slow progression of prostate cancer.
  • Evolving measurement, interpretation, and protocols for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) impact screening effectiveness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review advancements in prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing for improved prostate cancer detection.
  • To highlight underutilized improvements in PSA test specificity and sensitivity.
  • To emphasize the importance of informed decision-making in prostate cancer screening.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on prostate-specific antigen (PSA) measurement and interpretation.
  • Analysis of methods to enhance PSA test specificity, including age-related limits, free-to-total PSA ratio, and PSA velocity (doubling time).
  • Evaluation of strategies to improve PSA test sensitivity, focusing on population median thresholds.

Main Results:

  • Improvements in PSA test specificity include age-adjusted reference ranges, the free-to-total PSA ratio, and PSA dynamics like doubling time.
  • Enhanced sensitivity suggests focusing on men with PSA levels above the population median, as those below are at very low risk.
  • Current PSA testing advancements offer better tools for early prostate cancer detection.

Conclusions:

  • Optimizing the use of improved PSA testing methods can enhance early prostate cancer detection.
  • Focusing screening on specific PSA thresholds can improve efficiency and reduce unnecessary procedures.
  • Informed patient choice, balancing risks and benefits, is essential for effective prostate cancer screening.