Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives

Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives

The first thing a clinician sees is the skin, so the examination of the skin should be part of any thorough physical examination. Most skin disorders are relatively benign, but a few, including melanomas, can be fatal if untreated. A couple of the more noticeable disorders, albinism and vitiligo, affect the appearance of the skin and its accessory organs.
Albinism
Albinism is a genetic disorder that affects (completely or partially) the coloring of skin, hair, and eyes. The defect is primarily...

Skin Diseases and Disorders

Skin Diseases and Disorders

Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
Gram-positive Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are responsible for many of the most common skin infections. However, many...

Skin Cancer

Skin Cancer

Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...

Pigmentation

Pigmentation

The color of the skin is influenced by a number of pigments, including melanin, carotene, and hemoglobin. Recall that melanin is produced by cells called melanocytes, which are found scattered throughout the stratum basale of the epidermis. The melanin is transferred to the keratinocytes via melanosomes.
Melanin occurs in two primary forms: eumelanin that provides black and brown pigment and pheomelanin that provides red color. Dark-skinned individuals produce more melanin than those with pale...

Role of Skin in Vitamin D Synthesis

Role of Skin in Vitamin D Synthesis

The skin plays a crucial role in the synthesis of vitamin D, a vital nutrient for various physiological processes in the body. Vitamin D is unique because it can be synthesized in the skin through a series of chemical reactions triggered by exposure to ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation from sunlight.
The solar UV B rays (290-315 nm) are absorbed by the skin, and 7-dehydrocholesterol (provitamin D3) photolyzes it to previtamin D3, which undergoes a rapid transformation to vitamin D3(cholecalciferol).

Jaundice

Jaundice

Jaundice, or icterus, is the yellow discoloration of the skin, sclerae, and mucous membranes. It happens when plasma bilirubin levels rise above 2.5-3 mg/dL, leading to bilirubin deposition in tissue.Bilirubin is a byproduct of hemoglobin degradation. In macrophages, hemoglobin breaks down into globin and heme. Globin is converted into amino acids, while heme is turned into biliverdin by heme oxygenase, which is then reduced to unconjugated bilirubin by biliverdin reductase.Unconjugated...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Pirfenidone-Induced Lichen Planus Pigmentosus in a Patient with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis.

Indian dermatology online journal·2026

Same author

The impact of training front-line health care workers in improving the yield of scabies diagnosis among children under five in a rural community of West Bengal.

PLoS neglected tropical diseases·2025

Same author

Spectrum of sensitive skin in India: a collaborative expert position statement.

Frontiers in medicine·2025

Same author

Correlation of Antimuscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor Antibody Titers With Pemphigus Disease Activity at Baseline and Following Phase I Pulse Therapy.

Cureus·2025

Same author

Loss-of-function variants in DUSP1 encoding dual specificity phosphatase 1 cause palmoplantar keratoderma.

The British journal of dermatology·2025

Same author

Amniotic membrane grafting for acute ocular involvement in Stevens-Johnson syndrome: Review of perioperative considerations, surgical techniques, and outcomes.

Indian journal of ophthalmology·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 26, 2026

Studying Chronic Exposure of Mice to Ultraviolet B Radiation

Studying Chronic Exposure of Mice to Ultraviolet B Radiation

Published on: August 19, 2025

Childhood vitiligo.

Aparna Palit¹, Arun C Inamadar

¹Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Sri B.M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Center, BLDE University, Bijapur, Karnataka, India.

Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology

|December 27, 2011

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Childhood vitiligo, a skin condition, often presents with familial links and can cause anxiety in children. Management requires careful treatment selection for best results and minimal side effects.

More Related Videos

Direct Reprogramming of Mouse Fibroblasts into Melanocytes

Direct Reprogramming of Mouse Fibroblasts into Melanocytes

Published on: August 27, 2021

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 26, 2026

Studying Chronic Exposure of Mice to Ultraviolet B Radiation

Studying Chronic Exposure of Mice to Ultraviolet B Radiation

Published on: August 19, 2025

Direct Reprogramming of Mouse Fibroblasts into Melanocytes

Direct Reprogramming of Mouse Fibroblasts into Melanocytes

Published on: August 27, 2021

Area of Science:

Dermatology
Pediatrics
Autoimmunology

Background:

Childhood vitiligo is a common dermatological concern.
Differential diagnosis includes nevoid and hereditary disorders.
Familial aggregation and association with other autoimmune disorders are observed.

Purpose of the Study:

To summarize the presentation and management of childhood vitiligo.
To highlight the challenges in treating pediatric patients.
To emphasize the need for careful therapeutic selection and anxiety management.

Main Methods:

Review of clinical presentation in infants and young children.
Discussion of diagnostic considerations.
Overview of therapeutic options and their limitations in children.

Main Results:

Segmental vitiligo with limited body surface area involvement is common.
Children frequently experience anxiety and depression.
Therapeutic options are restricted compared to adults.

Conclusions:

Childhood vitiligo requires careful differentiation from other disorders.
Psychological impact on children necessitates attention.
Treatment aims for efficacy with minimal side effects, addressing patient and parental concerns.