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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 26, 2026

Setting Up a Stroke Team Algorithm and Conducting Simulation-based Training in the Emergency Department - A Practical Guide
09:52

Setting Up a Stroke Team Algorithm and Conducting Simulation-based Training in the Emergency Department - A Practical Guide

Published on: January 15, 2017

Emergency department crowding: prioritising quantified crowding measures using a Delphi study.

Kathleen Beniuk1, Adrian A Boyle, P John Clarkson

  • 1Engineering Design Centre, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Trumpington Street, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, UK. kb424@cam.ac.uk

Emergency Medicine Journal : EMJ
|December 27, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Eight key metrics for measuring emergency department (ED) crowding were identified. These measures help assess crowding

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Area of Science:

  • Emergency Medicine
  • Healthcare Operations Research

Background:

  • Emergency department (ED) crowding is linked to adverse outcomes like increased mortality and decreased care quality.
  • Standardized measures for assessing ED crowding's impact on operations are lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To prioritize quantified crowding measures for evaluating the current state of emergency departments.
  • To establish a consensus on key indicators for ED crowding.

Main Methods:

  • A three-round Delphi study involving 40 healthcare professionals with crowding expertise.
  • Utilized email and an internet-based survey for measure submission, evaluation, and ranking.

Main Results:

  • 27 potential crowding measures were initially identified.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 26, 2026

Setting Up a Stroke Team Algorithm and Conducting Simulation-based Training in the Emergency Department - A Practical Guide
09:52

Setting Up a Stroke Team Algorithm and Conducting Simulation-based Training in the Emergency Department - A Practical Guide

Published on: January 15, 2017

  • Eight measures reached consensus, including ambulance offload ability, left without being seen rate, triage time, occupancy rate, length of stay, time to physician, and boarding time/number.

    • Conclusions:

    • Identified eight essential quantified crowding measures for assessing ED operations.
    • These metrics offer a comprehensive view of crowding's effects and support management decision-making and inter-departmental learning.