Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 26, 2026

Mizoroki-Heck Cross-coupling Reactions Catalyzed by Dichloro{bis[1,1',1''-(phosphinetriyl)tripiperidine]}palladium Under Mild Reaction Conditions
11:44

Mizoroki-Heck Cross-coupling Reactions Catalyzed by Dichloro{bis[1,1',1''-(phosphinetriyl)tripiperidine]}palladium Under Mild Reaction Conditions

Published on: March 20, 2014

trans-Bromido(pyrimidinyl-κC)bis-(triphenyl-phosphane-κP)palladium(II)

Hsiao-Fen Wang, Weng-Feng Zeng, Gene-Hsiang Lee

    Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online
    |December 27, 2011
    PubMed

    More Related Videos

    Palladium N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes: Synthesis from Benzimidazolium Salts and Catalytic Activity in Carbon-carbon Bond-forming Reactions19:58

    Palladium N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes: Synthesis from Benzimidazolium Salts and Catalytic Activity in Carbon-carbon Bond-forming Reactions

    Published on: July 30, 2017

    Preparation and Reactivity of a Triphosphenium Bromide Salt: A Convenient and Stable Source of Phosphorus(I)08:46

    Preparation and Reactivity of a Triphosphenium Bromide Salt: A Convenient and Stable Source of Phosphorus(I)

    Published on: November 22, 2016

    Related Concept Videos

    α-Bromination of Carboxylic Acids: Hell–Volhard–Zelinski Reaction01:15

    α-Bromination of Carboxylic Acids: Hell–Volhard–Zelinski Reaction

    The method to achieve α-brominated carboxylic acids using a mixture of phosphorus tribromide and bromine is known as the Hell–Volhard–Zelinski reaction. The reaction is catalyzed by phosphorus tribromide, which can be used directly or produced in situ from red phosphorus and bromine. The mechanism comprises PBr3 catalyzed conversion of acid to acid bromide and hydrogen bromide. The acid bromide enolizes to its enol form in the presence of HBr. The nucleophilic enol attacks the bromine molecule...
    Halogenation of Alkenes02:46

    Halogenation of Alkenes

    Halogenation is the addition of chlorine or bromine across the double bond in an alkene to yield a vicinal dihalide. The reaction occurs in the presence of inert and non-nucleophilic solvents, such as methylene chloride, chloroform, or carbon tetrachloride.
    Consider the bromination of cyclopentene. Molecular bromine is polarized in the proximity of the π electrons of cyclopentene. An electrophilic bromine atom adds across the double bond, forming a cyclic bromonium ion intermediate.
    Electrophilic 1,2- and 1,4-Addition of X2 to 1,3-Butadiene01:14

    Electrophilic 1,2- and 1,4-Addition of X2 to 1,3-Butadiene

    Electrophilic addition of halogens to alkenes proceeds via a cyclic halonium ion to form a 1,2-dihalide or a vicinal dihalide.
    Regioselectivity of Electrophilic Additions-Peroxide Effect02:35

    Regioselectivity of Electrophilic Additions-Peroxide Effect

    In the presence of organic peroxides, the addition of hydrogen bromide to an alkene yields the isomer that is not predicted by Markovnikov’s rule. For example, the addition of hydrogen bromide to 2-methylpropene in the presence of peroxides gives 1-bromo-2-methylpropane. This addition reaction proceeds via a free radical mechanism, which reverses the regioselectivity. The free radical reaction mechanism involves three stages: initiation, propagation, and termination.
    Radical Substitution: Allylic Bromination01:27

    Radical Substitution: Allylic Bromination

    In organic synthesis, the formation of products can be altered by changing the reaction conditions. For example, a dibromo addition product is formed when propene is treated with bromine at room temperature. In contrast, propene undergoes allylic substitution in non-polar solvents at high temperatures to give 3-bromopropene. In order to avoid the addition reaction, the bromine concentration must be kept as low as possible throughout the reaction. This can be achieved using N-bromosuccinimide...
    Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals II03:35

    Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals II

    sp3d and sp3d 2 Hybridization