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Related Concept Videos

Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management01:25

Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management

Procedures for Kidney StonesMedical intervention is necessary when kidney stones or renal calculi are too large to pass spontaneously (typically greater than 5 millimeters) when stones are accompanied by symptomatic infection (such as fever or pyelonephritis), when they impair kidney function, or when they cause persistent symptoms like severe pain, nausea, or urinary retention. Additionally, patients with only one kidney or those who cannot be treated with medical management also require...
Kidney Transplant II: Surgical Procedure01:26

Kidney Transplant II: Surgical Procedure

Preoperative ManagementThe primary goals of preoperative management in kidney transplantation are to optimize the patient’s metabolic state and prepare them for surgery through diet adjustments, necessary dialysis, and tailored medical treatment. This phase also involves comprehensive infection screening and patient education about the surgical procedure and postoperative care to improve outcomes and adherence.Medical ManagementA comprehensive evaluation is required for both the living donor...
Imaging Studies V: Intravenous Urography and Retrograde Pyelography01:22

Imaging Studies V: Intravenous Urography and Retrograde Pyelography

IntroductionIntravenous Urography (IVU) and Retrograde Pyelography (RP) are important diagnostic imaging techniques used to evaluate the urinary system. These methods help identify structural abnormalities, obstructions, and functional issues in the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. Both procedures use iodine-based contrast media to enhance the visibility of urinary tract structures on X-ray images, though they differ in their methods and indications.1. Intravenous Urography (IVU)Intravenous...
Urologic Endoscopic Procedure: Cystoscopic Examination01:28

Urologic Endoscopic Procedure: Cystoscopic Examination

Meaning of Cystoscopic Examination:Cystoscopy is an essential diagnostic tool in urology that is used to assess the structure and function of the genitourinary system. It provides a direct view of the urethra, bladder, and, in some cases, the ureteral openings. This procedure helps detect structural abnormalities, infections, cancers, and blockages in the urinary tract. There are two types of cystoscopy:Flexible cystoscopy is commonly performed in outpatient settings due to its less invasive...
Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management01:30

Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management

The diagnosis of renal calculi involves several imaging techniques, including non-contrast CT scans and ultrasound. These methods help visualize kidney stones, assess their size and location, and detect possible obstructions. Additionally, Measuring urine pH is useful for diagnosing specific stone types, such as struvite (alkaline pH) and uric acid stones (acidic pH). Cystine stones are primarily linked to cystinuria, a genetic condition. A urinalysis helps detect blood in the urine (hematuria)...
Imaging Studies II: Ultrasonography01:24

Imaging Studies II: Ultrasonography

IntroductionUltrasonography, or renal ultrasound, is a noninvasive medical imaging technique that uses high-frequency sound waves to visualize the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and surrounding tissues.Indications for Urinary System UltrasonographyUrinary system ultrasonography is indicated in various clinical scenarios, such as:Kidney Stones (Urolithiasis): To detect and monitor the size and presence of kidney or urinary tract stones.Hydronephrosis: To assess the dilation of the renal pelvis and...

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Updated: May 26, 2026

Technical Modification of the Terminal Ureter During Total Transperitoneal Laparoscopic Nephroureterectomy for Upper Urinary Tract Urothelial Carcinoma
06:39

Technical Modification of the Terminal Ureter During Total Transperitoneal Laparoscopic Nephroureterectomy for Upper Urinary Tract Urothelial Carcinoma

Published on: November 22, 2019

Ureteroscopy for transplant lithiasis.

Elias Hyams1, Tracy Marien, Aron Bruhn

  • 1Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. eliash99@hotmail.com

Journal of Endourology
|December 29, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ureteroscopy (URS) is a safe and effective treatment for kidney stones in transplanted kidneys. Both retrograde and antegrade approaches, using specialized techniques, successfully removed stones in most patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Urology
  • Transplant Surgery

Background:

  • Management of renal and ureteral calculi in transplanted kidneys remains undefined.
  • Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is typical for larger stones (>1.5 cm).
  • Ureteroscopy (URS) is a potential approach for smaller stones.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a multicenter experience with URS for transplant lithiasis.
  • To evaluate the safety and efficacy of URS in transplanted kidneys.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of URS procedures for stones in transplanted kidneys (2006-2011).
  • Data collected on patient demographics, disease parameters, and perioperative/postoperative details.
  • Analysis of retrograde (7 patients) and antegrade (5 patients) URS techniques.

Main Results:

  • Twelve patients underwent URS for transplant kidney stones.
  • Most stones required holmium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser lithotripsy.
  • All patients achieved stone-free status post-procedure, except for one with a residual 2-mm fragment.

Conclusions:

  • Antegrade and retrograde URS are safe and effective for transplant kidney stones.
  • Specialized techniques facilitate challenging retrograde access.
  • Antegrade URS is safe without tract dilation for small stone burdens.