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Related Concept Videos

Hedgehog Signaling Pathway02:33

Hedgehog Signaling Pathway

The Hedgehog gene (Hh) was first discovered due to its control of the growth of disorganized, hair-like bristles phenotype in Drosophila, much like hedgehog spines. Hh plays a crucial role in the development of organs and the maintenance of homeostasis in both invertebrates and vertebrates. However, while Drosophila has only one Hh protein, mammals have multiple functional Hedgehog proteins - Sonic (Shh), Desert (Dhh), and Indian Hedgehog (Ihh). All of these homologous proteins have adapted to...
Hedgehog Signaling Pathway02:33

Hedgehog Signaling Pathway

The Hedgehog gene (Hh) was first discovered due to its control of the growth of disorganized, hair-like bristles phenotype in Drosophila, much like hedgehog spines. Hh plays a crucial role in the development of organs and the maintenance of homeostasis in both invertebrates and vertebrates. However, while Drosophila has only one Hh protein, mammals have multiple functional Hedgehog proteins - Sonic (Shh), Desert (Dhh), and Indian Hedgehog (Ihh). All of these homologous proteins have adapted to...
TGF - β Signaling Pathway01:16

TGF - β Signaling Pathway

The TGF-β signaling pathway regulates cell growth, differentiation, adhesion, motility, and development. TGF-β ligands that induce TGF-β signaling are synthesized in their latent form. Several proteases or cell surface receptors such as integrins act upon the latent form, releasing the active ligand. There are three types of mammalian TGF-βs: (TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and TGF-β3) that bind as homodimers or heterodimers to TGF-β receptors. The TGF-β receptors are of three kinds RI, RII, and RIII. The RI...
Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply01:24

Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply

Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits.  Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl hydroxylase and factor...
Interactions Between Signaling Pathways01:19

Interactions Between Signaling Pathways

Signaling cascades usually lack linearity. Multiple pathways interact and regulate one another, allowing cells to integrate and respond to diverse environmental stimuli.
Convergence and divergence, and cross-talk between signaling pathways
Two distinct signaling pathways can converge on a single functional unit, which may either be a single protein or a complex of proteins. The response is either functionally distinct or synergistic between the two pathways but different from the response...
Notch Signaling Pathway03:14

Notch Signaling Pathway

The Notch signaling pathway is a major intracellular signaling pathway that is highly conserved over a broad spectrum of metazoan species. It stands unique from other intracellular signaling mechanisms in animals because notch protein itself acts as the receptor as well as the primary signaling molecule.
The Notch gene came into the limelight in 1914 after the discovery that its mutation in Drosophila melanogaster leads to a serrated (or "notched") wing margin phenotype. It was not until 1985...

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Updated: May 26, 2026

Quantitative PCR-based Assay to Measure Sonic Hedgehog Signaling in Cellular Model of Ciliogenesis
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Quantitative PCR-based Assay to Measure Sonic Hedgehog Signaling in Cellular Model of Ciliogenesis

Published on: January 31, 2025

Cooperative Hedgehog-EGFR signaling.

Doris Mangelberger1, Daniela Kern, Andrea Loipetzberger

  • 1Division of Molecular Tumor Biology, Department of Molecular Biology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.

Frontiers in Bioscience (Landmark Edition)
|December 29, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Targeting cooperative oncogenic pathways like Hedgehog/GLI and Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) signaling offers a promising strategy for improved cancer therapy. Understanding these molecular mechanisms is key to developing effective combination treatments for various human malignancies.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cancer Signaling Pathways

Background:

  • Cooperative interactions between oncogenes (e.g., RAS, MYC, BCL2) drive cancer growth.
  • Limited druggability of interacting cancer genes hinders combined targeted therapy.
  • Identifying actionable cooperative pathways is crucial for advancing cancer treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review molecular mechanisms of cooperative Hedgehog/GLI and EGFR signaling.
  • To discuss implications for combined targeting strategies in cancer therapy.
  • To highlight the need for efficient targeted combination treatments.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent findings on molecular mechanisms.
  • Analysis of cooperative signaling pathways.
  • Discussion of therapeutic implications.

Main Results:

  • Detailed review of cooperative Hedgehog/GLI and EGFR signaling pathways.
  • Identification of these pathways as clinically relevant in human malignancies.
  • Exploration of potential therapeutic strategies based on combined targeting.

Conclusions:

  • Cooperative Hedgehog/GLI and EGFR signaling are key drivers in many cancers.
  • Combined targeting of these pathways holds therapeutic potential.
  • Further research into molecular mechanisms can guide the design of novel cancer regimens.