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Analysis of Minerals Produced by hFOB 1.19 and Saos-2 Cells Using Transmission Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-ray Microanalysis
Published on: June 24, 2018
Bone mineralization
1Department of Experimental Medicine, La Sapienza University of Rome, Policlinico Umberto I, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy. ermanno.bonucci@uniroma1.it
Frontiers in Bioscience (Landmark Edition)
|December 29, 2011
Summary
This review summarizes bone mineralization, highlighting the roles of collagen fibrils and non-collagenous proteins in apatite crystal deposition. The exact mechanism for forming distinct mineral types within bone remains an area for further investigation.
Area of Science:
- Biomineralization
- Bone Biology
- Materials Science
Background:
- Bone is a complex composite material essential for skeletal support and mineral homeostasis.
- Its unique properties arise from the intricate organization of its organic and inorganic components.
- Understanding bone mineralization is crucial for addressing skeletal diseases and developing biomaterials.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review and synthesize current literature on bone mineralization processes.
- To elucidate the roles of organic matrix components in mineral deposition.
- To discuss proposed mechanisms of apatite crystallite formation and organization.
Main Methods:
- Literature review synthesizing findings from various studies on bone structure and composition.
- Analysis of the roles of collagen and non-collagenous proteins in mineralization.
- Discussion of proposed models for mineral deposition and crystallite formation.
Main Results:
- Bone mineralization is intricately linked to the organic matrix, particularly collagen fibrils.
- Non-collagenous proteins act as co-factors, facilitating apatite crystallite deposition.
- A hypothesis suggests two distinct mineral types within bone, differing in location and morphology.
- The precise deposition mechanism and crystallite formation pathways require further elucidation.
Conclusions:
- Collagen fibrils and interfibrillar proteins are key regulators of bone mineralization.
- The precise mechanisms governing the formation and organization of bone mineral structures are not fully understood.
- Further research is needed to clarify the epitaxial mechanisms and distinct mineral types in bone.
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