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Published on: October 3, 2018
WW domain-containing proteins: retrospectives and the future
Zaidoun Salah1, Akram Alian, Rami I Aqeilan
1The Lautenberg Center for General and Tumor Immunology, Department of Immunology and Cancer Research-IMRIC, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem 91120, Israel.
Frontiers in Bioscience (Landmark Edition)
|December 29, 2011
Summary
WW domains are crucial protein interaction modules involved in diverse cellular functions. They play a vital role in diseases like cancer and are key targets for new diagnostics and therapeutics.
Area of Science:
- Molecular Biology
- Cell Biology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- WW domains are conserved protein modules mediating protein-protein interactions.
- They recognize proline-rich motifs and phosphoserine/threonine-proline sites.
- These domains are integral to various cellular processes, including signaling and gene regulation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the multifaceted roles of WW domains in biological systems.
- To highlight their involvement in human diseases, particularly cancer.
- To discuss their potential as therapeutic and diagnostic targets.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on WW domain structure and function.
- Analysis of WW domain involvement in signaling pathways, including the Hippo pathway.
- Examination of disease-associated roles of WW domain-containing proteins.
Main Results:
- WW domains act as versatile platforms, linking proteins into functional networks.
- They are implicated in diverse cellular functions such as RNA processing, protein trafficking, and cytoskeleton regulation.
- Dysregulation of WW domain proteins is linked to cancer development and progression.
Conclusions:
- WW domains are essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis and function.
- Their roles in pathology, especially tumorigenesis, underscore their significance.
- Targeting WW domain interactions offers promising avenues for novel diagnostics and therapeutics.
Related Concept Videos
02:26Conservation of Protein Domains Over Different Proteins
Protein domains are small structurally independent units that are part of a single amino acid chain. Although these domains are often structurally independent, they may rely on synergistic effects to perform their functions as part of a larger protein. Protein domains may be conserved within the same organism, as well as across different organisms.
A limited set of protein domains often duplicate and recombine during evolution. These domains can be organized in different combinations to form...
A limited set of protein domains often duplicate and recombine during evolution. These domains can be organized in different combinations to form...
02:26Conservation of Protein Domains
Protein domains are small structurally independent units that are part of a single amino acid chain. Although these domains are often structurally independent, they may rely on synergistic effects to perform their functions as part of a larger protein. Protein domains may be conserved within the same organism, as well as across different organisms.
A limited set of protein domains often duplicate and recombine during evolution. These domains can be organized in different combinations to form...
A limited set of protein domains often duplicate and recombine during evolution. These domains can be organized in different combinations to form...
01:18Membrane Domains
The membrane domains concentrate specific lipids and proteins at one place within the membrane, which helps in cell signaling, adhesion, and other critical cellular processes. These domains can differ in size, composition, function, and lifespan.
Protein Domains
The membrane comprises a group of distinct proteins responsible for carrying out a cell's specific function. For example, the plasma membrane of the human sperm, or a single germ cell, contains a unique set of proteins in the anterior...
Protein Domains
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00:59Mechanisms of Membrane Domain Formation
Different physical properties of lipids and proteins allow them to localize and form distinct islands or domains in the membrane. Some membrane domains are formed due to protein-protein interactions, whereas others are formed due to the presence of specific lipids such as sphingolipids and sterols—for example, large proteins, such as bacteriorhodopsin, aggregate and create distinct domains.
Another mechanism for membrane domain formation involves membrane proteins interacting with cytoskeletal...
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01:49Conserved Binding Sites
Many proteins’ biological role depends on their interactions with their ligands, small molecules that bind to specific locations on the protein known as ligand-binding sites. Ligand-binding sites are often conserved among homologous proteins as these sites are critical for protein function.
Binding sites are often located in large pockets, and if their location on a protein’s surface is unknown, it can be predicted using various approaches. The energetic method computationally analyses the...
Binding sites are often located in large pockets, and if their location on a protein’s surface is unknown, it can be predicted using various approaches. The energetic method computationally analyses the...
01:49Conserved Binding Sites
Many proteins’ biological role depends on their interactions with their ligands, small molecules that bind to specific locations on the protein known as ligand-binding sites. Ligand-binding sites are often conserved among homologous proteins as these sites are critical for protein function.
Binding sites are often located in large pockets, and if their location on a protein’s surface is unknown, it can be predicted using various approaches. The energetic method computationally analyses the...
Binding sites are often located in large pockets, and if their location on a protein’s surface is unknown, it can be predicted using various approaches. The energetic method computationally analyses the...