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Updated: May 26, 2026

Using 2-Photon Microscopy to Quantify the Effects of Chronic Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction on Glomerular Processes
Published on: March 4, 2022
Urinary red blood cells: not only glomerular or nonglomerular
José Antonio Tesser Poloni1, Istifanus Bala Bosan, Giuseppe Garigali
1Central Laboratory of Clinical Analysis, Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Abstract:
Two main types of red blood cells, isomorphic and dysmorphic, are found in the urine sediment, indicating nonglomerular and glomerular hematuria, respectively. Occasionally, however, other types of red blood cells such as sickle cells, anisocytes, poikilocytes, elliptocytes and dacryocytes can be seen in the urine sediment of patients with hematuria. This paper describes such cases reported in the literature in which such unusual urinary red blood cells have been found and the experience of the authors on this subject.
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