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Related Concept Videos

Longitudinal Research02:20

Longitudinal Research

Sometimes we want to see how people change over time, as in studies of human development and lifespan. When we test the same group of individuals repeatedly over an extended period of time, we are conducting longitudinal research. Longitudinal research is a research design in which data-gathering is administered repeatedly over an extended period of time. For example, we may survey a group of individuals about their dietary habits at age 20, retest them a decade later at age 30, and then again...
Study Designs in Epidemiology01:20

Study Designs in Epidemiology

Epidemiological study designs are fundamental tools for investigating the distribution, determinants, and control of health conditions in populations. They help researchers understand the relationships between exposures and outcomes, and they broadly fall into two categories: "observational" and "experimental" studies.
Observational studies are those where the researcher does not intervene but rather observes natural variations. They include cross-sectional, cohort, and case-control studies.
Retrovirus Life Cycles01:10

Retrovirus Life Cycles

Retroviruses have a single-stranded RNA genome that undergoes a special form of replication. Once the retrovirus has entered the host cell, an enzyme called reverse transcriptase synthesizes double-stranded DNA from the retroviral RNA genome. This DNA copy of the genome is then integrated into the host’s genome inside the nucleus via an enzyme called integrase. Consequently, the retroviral genome is transcribed into RNA whenever the host’s genome is transcribed, allowing the retrovirus to...
Bias in Epidemiological Studies01:29

Bias in Epidemiological Studies

Biases can arise at various stages of research, from study design and data collection to analysis and interpretation. Recognizing and addressing these biases is essential to ensure the validity and reliability of epidemiological findings.Broadly speaking, biases in epidemiology fall into three main categories: selection bias, information bias, and confounding. A more detailed description of possible biases is:
Longitudinal Studies01:26

Longitudinal Studies

Longitudinal studies are also widely used in other medical and social science fields. For instance, in cardiovascular research, they can monitor patients' health over decades to identify risk factors for heart disease, such as high cholesterol or smoking, and evaluate the long-term effectiveness of preventive measures. Similarly, in mental health studies, researchers might follow individuals from adolescence into adulthood to understand the development and progression of conditions like...
Bioavailability Study Design: Healthy Subjects Versus Patients01:15

Bioavailability Study Design: Healthy Subjects Versus Patients

Bioavailability studies are essential for evaluating a drug's therapeutic efficacy and understanding its absorption patterns under various physiological conditions. Conducting such studies on target patient populations provides more relevant data by simulating real-world disease states. However, practical challenges often necessitate the use of young, healthy adult volunteers as study subjects.Patients may exhibit altered drug absorption patterns due to the effects of the disease itself,...

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The multicenter AIDS Cohort Study, 1983 to ….

R Detels1, L Jacobson2, J Margolick2

  • 1School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, United States.

Public Health
|December 31, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The Multicenter AIDS Cohort (MACS) study tracks HIV natural history in men who have sex with men. It has collected extensive data and published numerous papers since 1983.

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Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • The Multicenter AIDS Cohort (MACS) study began in 1983.
  • It focuses on the natural history of HIV infection.
  • Research involves men who have sex with men.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To study the natural history of untreated and treated HIV infection.
  • To collect extensive data on HIV/AIDS.
  • To publish key findings in international journals.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal study design.
  • Data collection from 6972 men who have sex with men.
  • Specimen and person-years data accrual.

Main Results:

  • 1,490,995 specimens collected by May 2011.
  • 86,883 person-years of data accrued.
  • 1195 scientific papers published.

Conclusions:

  • MACS provides critical insights into HIV infection.
  • The study has a long-standing contribution to HIV research.
  • Ongoing data collection and publication continue to inform the field.