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Updated: May 26, 2026

Systematic Bronchoscopy: the Four Landmarks Approach
Published on: June 23, 2023
Endobronchial foreign body removed by flexible bronchoscopy using the Trendelenburg position
1Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taiwan, Republic of China. e370089@gmail.com
Abstract:
Foreign body (FB) aspiration causes various symptoms and sometimes leads to severe conditions. Therefore, its prompt diagnosis and removal are essential to avoid complications. Flexible bronchoscopy is both a safe and effective method to confirm suspected cases of FB aspiration and to facilitate FB removal. However, few articles have dealt with the proper techniques for removal of FB in younger versus older patients based on anatomical variation. We report FB aspiration in an old male patient in whom attempted removal with flexible bronchoscopy failed but was later achieved by repeated flexible bronchoscopy with the patient in the Trendelenburg position.
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