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Related Concept Videos

Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS01:11

Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS

Genome-wide association studies or GWAS are used to identify whether common SNPs are associated with certain diseases. Suppose specific SNPs are more frequently observed in individuals with a particular disease than those without the disease. In that case, those SNPs are said to be associated with the disease. Chi-square analysis is performed to check the probability of the allele likely to be associated with the disease.
GWAS does not require the identification of the target gene involved in...
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T Cell Types and Functions

When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
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Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction01:23

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction

Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...
The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway01:20

The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway

Several cytokine receptors have tightly bound Janus kinase or JAK proteins attached at their cytosolic tail. Small signaling molecules such as cytokines, growth hormones, or prolactins bind to the cytokine receptors and initiate their dimerization. The dimerization brings the cytosolic JAKs together that trans-phosphorylate and activates each other. The activated JAKs now phosphorylate cytosolic tails of the cytokine receptors, which serve as binding sites for adaptor proteins such as  SH2...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 26, 2026

Measuring Psoriasis Severity at Home
02:28

Measuring Psoriasis Severity at Home

Published on: March 1, 2024

Psoriatic arthritis.

Michael Sean Day1, Denis Nam, Susan Goodman

  • 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, NYU Hospital for Joint Diseases, New York, NY, USA.

The Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons
|December 31, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Psoriatic arthritis, a chronic inflammatory condition, affects psoriasis patients and can lead to destructive joint damage. Treatment involves biologics and disease-modifying drugs, with surgery for severe cases.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 26, 2026

Measuring Psoriasis Severity at Home
02:28

Measuring Psoriasis Severity at Home

Published on: March 1, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Orthopedics
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a chronic inflammatory arthropathy affecting 6-48% of psoriasis patients.
  • Joint involvement in PsA is not correlated with skin disease severity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the clinical presentation, radiographic findings, and management of psoriatic arthritis.
  • To highlight considerations for orthopaedic surgeons managing patients with PsA.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of psoriatic arthritis.
  • Analysis of radiographic features and treatment modalities.

Main Results:

  • Radiographic findings include erosion, ankylosis, and periostitis, with characteristic deformities like pencil-in-cup.
  • Up to 47% of cases progress to destructive arthritis.
  • Biologic therapy and DMARDs are mainstays; surgery may be needed for end-stage disease.

Conclusions:

  • Psoriatic arthritis can cause significant joint destruction.
  • Orthopaedic surgeons must be aware of PsA-related risks (cardiovascular disease) and complications (infection, poor wound healing).