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Imaging Features of Systemic Sclerosis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease
04:44

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Published on: June 16, 2020

Indium lung disease.

Kristin J Cummings1, Makiko Nakano2, Kazuyuki Omae2

  • 1Division of Respiratory Disease Studies, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV.

Chest
|December 31, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Occupational exposure to indium compounds can cause a novel lung disease, including pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP), fibrosis, and emphysema. This progressive and potentially fatal condition necessitates further study for prevention strategies.

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Area of Science:

  • Occupational Medicine
  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Workplace exposure to indium compounds has been linked to various lung diseases, including pulmonary fibrosis, emphysema, and pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP).
  • Previous reports suggest a causal relationship between indium exposure and distinct lung pathologies in affected workers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the pathogenesis and natural history of indium-related lung disease.
  • To conduct a systematic analysis of clinical, histopathologic, radiologic, and epidemiologic data for indium lung disease cases.

Main Methods:

  • Multidisciplinary analysis of all reported cases and workplaces involving indium compounds.
  • Systematic review of clinical, histopathologic, radiologic, and epidemiologic data.

Main Results:

  • Ten male workers exposed to indium compounds developed interstitial lung disease or PAP.
  • Histopathology revealed intraalveolar exudate, cholesterol clefts, granulomas, and fibrosis; two patients experienced pneumothoraces.
  • Lung disease progressed post-exposure, with two fatalities; PAP cases evolved into fibrosis and emphysema in some instances.

Conclusions:

  • Occupational indium compound exposure is associated with a spectrum of lung diseases, including PAP, fibrosis, emphysema, and pneumothoraces.
  • Indium exposure may cause a novel lung disease that can progress from PAP to fibrosis and emphysema, potentially leading to premature death.
  • Further prospective studies are required to define the natural history and prognosis of this emerging occupational lung disease and to develop prevention strategies.