Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Herniated Intervertebral Disc l: Introduction01:29

Herniated Intervertebral Disc l: Introduction

Intervertebral disc herniation refers to the displacement of the nucleus pulposus (the gel-like inner core of the disc) through a tear or weakened area in the annulus fibrosus (the outer fibrous ring). The displaced disc material extends beyond the normal boundaries of the disc space and may compress or irritate nearby spinal nerve roots or, less commonly, the spinal cord.Etiology and Risk FactorsHerniation commonly results from degeneration, in which aging reduces disc hydration and...
Degenerative Disc Disease I: Introduction01:27

Degenerative Disc Disease I: Introduction

Degenerative disc disease is a chronic condition in which intervertebral discs gradually lose structure and function. It is not infectious or autoimmune; rather, it results from age-related biochemical and mechanical changes, influenced by genetic, metabolic, and environmental factors.Structure and Function of DiscsThe spine contains 23 intervertebral discs that absorb load, distribute forces, maintain spacing, and allow flexibility. Each disc consists of a nucleus pulposus, a gel-like core...
Vertebral Column: Regions and Curvature01:16

Vertebral Column: Regions and Curvature

The vertebral column or spine is a flexible column that supports the head, neck, and body and  allows for their movements. It also protects the spinal cord.
Regions of the Vertebral Column
In an adult, the spine is subdivided into five regions: the cervical, the thoracic, the lumbar, the sacral, and the coccygeal region. The spine initially develops as a series of 33 vertebrae; after 20 years of age, the nine bones in the sacral region, five sacral, and four coccygeal bones fuse to form the...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

What is the prevalence of contraindications to cervical arthroplasty among operative degenerative spine cases at an academic center?

Neurosurgical focus·2026
Same author

Durability of One- and Two-Level Lumbar Fusion Surgeries: A Survivorship Analysis Based on Revision Surgery Rates.

Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Global research & reviews·2026
Same author

EQ-5D vs SF-6D: Discrepancies in measuring quality of life for patients with vertebral compression fractures.

Brain & spine·2026
Same author

Carbon Fiber Implants in Spine Surgery.

JBJS reviews·2026
Same author

Utility of Confirmatory Navigational CT Spins in Patients Undergoing One- to Two-Level Instrumented Posterior Fusions.

Spine·2026
Same author

Risk Factors for Operative Adjacent Segment Disease Following Laminectomy Without Fusion for Lumbar Spinal Stenosis.

Neurosurgery·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 26, 2026

Multilevel Oblique Lumbar Interbody Fusion in Degenerative Lumbar Disc Disease with Instability
11:30

Multilevel Oblique Lumbar Interbody Fusion in Degenerative Lumbar Disc Disease with Instability

Published on: July 25, 2025

A diagnostic classification for lumbar spine registry development.

Steven D Glassman1, Leah Y Carreon, Paul A Anderson

  • 1Norton Leatherman Spine Center, 210 East Gray St., Louisville, KY 40202, USA. tana.allgeyer@nortonhealthcare.org

The Spine Journal : Official Journal of the North American Spine Society
|January 3, 2012
PubMed
Summary

A new diagnostic matrix for low back pain (LBP) shows good reliability in classifying symptoms and pathology. This system aids in stratifying LBP patients for better clinical treatment and research outcomes.

More Related Videos

Transtubular Endoscopic Posterolateral Decompression for L5-S1 Lumbar Lateral Disc Herniation
10:09

Transtubular Endoscopic Posterolateral Decompression for L5-S1 Lumbar Lateral Disc Herniation

Published on: October 14, 2022

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 26, 2026

Multilevel Oblique Lumbar Interbody Fusion in Degenerative Lumbar Disc Disease with Instability
11:30

Multilevel Oblique Lumbar Interbody Fusion in Degenerative Lumbar Disc Disease with Instability

Published on: July 25, 2025

Transtubular Endoscopic Posterolateral Decompression for L5-S1 Lumbar Lateral Disc Herniation
10:09

Transtubular Endoscopic Posterolateral Decompression for L5-S1 Lumbar Lateral Disc Herniation

Published on: October 14, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Spine diagnostics
  • Clinical classification systems
  • Low back pain research

Background:

  • Low back pain (LBP) is a symptom, not a diagnosis, leading to inconsistent treatment study results.
  • A functional diagnostic matrix is critical for a lumbar spine registry to guide clinical treatment.
  • Current diagnostic approaches lack granularity for differentiating LBP characteristics impacting outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a clinically relevant diagnostic classification scheme for low back pain.
  • The scheme aims for simplicity in clinical practice and sufficient detail for outcome differentiation.
  • To improve the diagnostic stratification of lumbar spine disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Developed and tested a three-digit diagnostic coding scheme for Symptoms, Structural Pathology, and Compressive Pathology.
  • Thirty physician-assessed case histories with clinical and imaging data were used.
  • Inter- and intrarater reliability was assessed using kappa values.

Main Results:

  • Substantial interrater agreement for Symptoms (κ=0.70) and intrarater agreement for all categories (κ=0.67-0.78).
  • Moderate interrater agreement for Structural Pathology (κ=0.58) and Compressive Pathology (κ=0.53).
  • The classification matrix demonstrated feasibility and reliability in diagnostic stratification.

Conclusions:

  • Improved diagnostic stratification of lumbar spine disorders is achievable.
  • The proposed diagnostic coding matrix shows substantial to moderate interrater and intrarater consistency.
  • This scheme provides a foundation for more consistent LBP research and clinical guidance.