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Physical training improves motor performance in people with dementia: a randomized controlled trial
Klaus Hauer1, Michael Schwenk, Tania Zieschang
1Department of Geriatric Research, Bethanien-Hospital and Geriatric Centre, University of Heidelberg, Rohrbacherstraße 149, 69126 Heidelberg, Germany. khauer@bethanien-heidelberg
Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
|January 4, 2012
Summary
A specialized training program significantly enhanced muscle strength and physical function in individuals with dementia. This dementia-specific exercise regimen proved feasible and beneficial for improving motor performance in older adults.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Neurology
- Rehabilitation Medicine
Background:
- Dementia significantly impacts physical functioning and muscle strength.
- Maintaining physical function is crucial for independence in individuals with dementia.
- Evidence for effective, standardized exercise interventions in this population is growing.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy of a standardized, dementia-adjusted training regimen on muscle strength and physical functioning.
- To assess the feasibility and impact of a supervised, progressive resistance and functional group training program.
- To determine if training gains are sustained post-intervention.
Main Methods:
- A double-blinded, randomized controlled trial involving 122 participants with mild to moderate dementia.
- A 3-month supervised, intensive resistance and functional group training program versus a low-intensity motor placebo.
- Primary outcomes included one-repetition maximum leg press for strength and the five-chair-stand test for function.
Main Results:
- The intervention group showed significant improvements in maximal strength (+51.5 kg) and functional performance (-25.9 seconds) compared to the control group.
- Secondary outcomes confirmed significant benefits across all strength and functional parameters.
- Physical activity levels increased significantly during the intervention period.
Conclusions:
- An intensive, dementia-adjusted training program is feasible and substantially improves motor performance in frail older adults with dementia.
- This program may serve as a valuable model for structured rehabilitation and outpatient training.
- Lower baseline motor performance, rather than cognitive impairment, predicted a positive training response.
