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Related Experiment Videos

Cocaine/"crack" dependence among psychiatric inpatients.

G Bunt1, M Galanter, H Lifshutz

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, NY 10016.

The American Journal of Psychiatry
|November 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary

Crack cocaine abuse is linked to psychiatric symptoms in dependent individuals. Cocaine-dependent patients with personality disorders showed higher usage patterns than schizophrenic patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Addiction Medicine
  • Clinical Psychology

Background:

  • Cocaine abuse, particularly crack cocaine, is a significant public health concern.
  • Psychiatric symptoms are common among individuals with substance use disorders.
  • Understanding the interplay between cocaine dependence and psychiatric diagnoses is crucial for effective treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the psychiatric profiles and cocaine use patterns of patients admitted to psychiatric inpatient wards.
  • To compare cocaine use characteristics between patients with cluster B personality disorders and schizophrenia.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective chart review of 40 cocaine-dependent patients admitted to psychiatric inpatient units.
  • Analysis of demographic data, psychiatric diagnoses (DSM-III-R), and cocaine administration methods.

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  • Comparison of cocaine usage quantity, frequency, and age of onset between diagnostic groups.

    • Main Results:

    • Freebasing crack cocaine was the predominant method of administration (88%).
    • Cluster B personality disorders (17 patients) and schizophrenia (13 patients) accounted for 75% of the sample.
    • Patients with cluster B personality disorders exhibited greater cocaine quantity and frequency of use, and an earlier age of onset compared to schizophrenic patients.

    Conclusions:

    • Psychiatric hospitalizations linked to crack cocaine use may be driven by pre-existing psychiatric conditions and cocaine-induced psychopathology.
    • Cocaine-dependent patients with personality disorders represent a distinct subgroup with more severe substance use patterns.
    • Targeted interventions addressing both substance use and psychiatric comorbidities are essential for this population.