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Updated: May 26, 2026

Measurement of Tissue Oxygenation Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis
Published on: October 2, 2020
Vitamin D status and mortality of German hemodialysis patients
Rolfdieter Krause1, Hans-Jürgen Schober-Halstenberg, Günter Edenharter
1KfH Nephrological Center Moabit, Turmstr. 20A, 10559 Berlin, Germany. rolfdieter.krause@kfh-dialyse.de
Aim:
The goal was to analyze the link between blood levels of calcidiol and all-cause, cardiac and infectious diseases, and mortality due to cancer in hemodialysis patients.
Patients And Methods:
This study retrospectively evaluated a representative sub-cohort (n=6,518) of German hemodialysis patients from the incidence cohorts 1997-2006.
Results:
Most (58.8%) were found to be vitamin D deficient (25(OH)D<20 ng/ml), with 41.2% being severely deficient (25(OH)D<12.5 ng/ml). All-cause mortality risk more than doubled in patients with severe deficiency (adjusted odds ratio (aOR)=2.67; 95% confidence interval (CI)=2.30-3.10; p<0.0001). Comparable data were obtained for mortality from cardiac disease (aOR=1.57; 95% CI=1.30-1.88; p<0.0001), infectious disease (aOR=1.48; 95% CI=1.15-1.90; p=0.0026), and cancer (aOR=1.51; 95% CI=1.09-2.08; p=0.0121), respectively.
Conclusion:
These data highlight the need to ensure primarily adequate 25(OH)D levels in dialysis patients for an advantage of survival.
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