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Published on: March 23, 2017
Surface second-harmonic generation from vertical GaP nanopillars.
Reza Sanatinia1, Marcin Swillo, Srinivasan Anand
1School of Information and Communication Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Electrum 229, S-164 40 Kista, Sweden. rezasan@kth.se
Nano Letters
|January 5, 2012
Summary
We observed second-harmonic generation (SHG) in gallium phosphide (GaP) nanopillars, finding that SHG intensity strongly depends on pillar diameter. This research clarifies surface and bulk contributions to SHG in these nanostructures.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Nanotechnology
- Optics and Photonics
Background:
- Second-harmonic generation (SHG) is a nonlinear optical process with applications in photonics.
- Gallium phosphide (GaP) nanopillars offer unique optical properties due to their nanoscale dimensions and crystal structure.
Purpose of the Study:
- To experimentally observe and analyze second-harmonic generation (SHG) in vertical GaP nanopillars.
- To investigate the dependence of SHG intensity on nanopillar diameter.
- To differentiate between surface and bulk contributions to SHG.
Main Methods:
- Fabrication of periodic GaP nanopillar arrays (100-250 nm diameter) on GaP substrates using nanosphere lithography and dry etching.
- Experimental measurement of SHG intensity and polarization.
- Analysis of electric field profiles and coupling efficiencies.
- Complementary Raman spectroscopy for surface optical phonon analysis.
Main Results:
- SHG intensity showed a strong dependence on the diameter of the GaP nanopillars.
- Calculated electric field profiles and coupling efficiencies agreed well with experimental SHG data.
- Raman spectroscopy confirmed calculated surface field intensities.
- Polarization analysis successfully distinguished between bulk and surface SHG contributions.
Conclusions:
- The diameter of GaP nanopillars significantly influences SHG.
- Both surface and bulk effects contribute to SHG in GaP nanopillars, and their contributions can be distinguished.
- This study provides a comprehensive understanding of SHG in GaP nanostructures for potential photonic applications.
