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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 26, 2026

Mouse Kidney Transplantation: Models of Allograft Rejection
16:15

Mouse Kidney Transplantation: Models of Allograft Rejection

Published on: October 11, 2014

ARFI-based tissue elasticity quantification and kidney graft dysfunction: first clinical experiences.

K F Stock1, B S Klein, M T Vo Cong

  • 1Abteilung für Nephrologie, Klinikum rechts der Isar der TU München, München, Germany. Konrad.Stock@lrz.tum.de

Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation
|January 5, 2012
PubMed
Summary

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Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse Imaging (ARFI) shows promise for detecting renal allograft rejection. This non-invasive ultrasound method detected increased stiffness in rejection cases, unlike traditional kidney size and resistive index measurements.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Radiology
  • Transplant Medicine

Background:

  • Renal allograft monitoring relies on medical history, clinical exams, lab findings, and non-invasive ultrasound parameters like kidney size and resistive index (RI).
  • Renal biopsy remains the gold standard for diagnosing renal allograft dysfunction due to its definitive nature.
  • Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse Imaging (ARFI) is a novel ultrasound technology measuring tissue elasticity, with no prior reports in renal transplant follow-up.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate changes in ARFI measurements between clinically stable renal allografts and those with biopsy-proven transplant dysfunction.
  • To assess the utility of ARFI as a non-invasive tool for diagnosing renal allograft rejection.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study involving 8 renal transplant patients, comparing ARFI measurements during stable function and subsequent dysfunction prior to biopsy.

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Last Updated: May 26, 2026

Mouse Kidney Transplantation: Models of Allograft Rejection
16:15

Mouse Kidney Transplantation: Models of Allograft Rejection

Published on: October 11, 2014

Using a Chemical Biopsy for Graft Quality Assessment
05:00

Using a Chemical Biopsy for Graft Quality Assessment

Published on: June 17, 2020

  • Quantitative ARFI measurements of renal cortex stiffness (15/kidney) using "Virtual Touch™ tissue quantification".
  • Comparison of ARFI changes with Resistive Index (RI) and kidney size measurements, correlated with histological biopsy results.

    • Main Results:

    • Histopathology revealed 5 acute T-cell-mediated rejections, 1 calcineurin inhibitor toxicity, and 2 acute tubular necrosis cases.
    • Mean ARFI values increased by over 15% in acute rejection cases, while no significant change was observed in other pathologies.
    • RI values and kidney size showed no significant changes differentiating rejection from other pathologies.

    Conclusions:

    • Kidney size and RI values have limited utility in evaluating renal allograft dysfunction.
    • ARFI-based elasticity measurement demonstrates potential as a valuable, non-invasive complementary parameter for diagnosing renal allograft rejection.