Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Metal-Ligand Bonds02:51

Metal-Ligand Bonds

The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
Complexation Equilibria: The Chelate Effect01:19

Complexation Equilibria: The Chelate Effect

In complexation reactions, metal atoms or cations interact with ligands to form donor-acceptor adducts called metal complexes. Ligands that bind through one donor site are monodentate, ligands with two donor sites are bidentate, and those with more than two donor sites are polydentate ligands. For example, ethylene diamine is a bidentate ligand that binds through two nitrogen donor atoms, forming a five-membered ring. EDTA is a polydentate ligand that binds through four oxygen and two nitrogen...
Extraction: Advanced Methods00:56

Extraction: Advanced Methods

Metal ions can be separated from one another by complexation with organic ligands–the chelating agent– to form uncharged chelates. Here, the chelating agent must contain hydrophobic groups and behave as a weak acid, losing a proton to bind with the metal. Since most organic ligands used in this process are insoluble or undergo oxidation in the aqueous phase, the chelating agent is initially added to the organic phase and extracted into the aqueous phase. The metal-ligand complex is formed in...
Complexation Equilibria: Factors Influencing Stability of Complexes01:09

Complexation Equilibria: Factors Influencing Stability of Complexes

In complexation reactions, metal cations are the electron pair acceptors, and the ligands are the electron pair donors. The stability of the metal complexes depends primarily on the complexing ability of the central metal ion and the nature of the ligands. Generally, the complexing ability of the metal ion depends on the size and charge of the ion. As the metal ion size increases, the stability of the metal complexes decreases, provided that the valency of the metal ion and the ligands remain...
EDTA: Chemistry and Properties01:22

EDTA: Chemistry and Properties

Polydentate ligands are most widely used in complexometric titrations because they form more stable complexes with the metal ions than mono- or bidentate ligands due to the chelate effect. Examples of polydentate ligands are ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), crown ethers, and cryptands. The most important feature of optimal polydentate ligands is the ability to form 1:1 complexes in a single-step process. Amino carboxylic acid derivatives are frequently used as complexing agents. EDTA is...
Formation of Complex Ions03:45

Formation of Complex Ions

A type of Lewis acid-base chemistry involves the formation of a complex ion (or a coordination complex) comprising a central atom, typically a transition metal cation, surrounded by ions or molecules called ligands. These ligands can be neutral molecules like H2O or NH3, or ions such as CN− or OH−. Often, the ligands act as Lewis bases, donating a pair of electrons to the central atom. These types of Lewis acid-base reactions are examples of a broad subdiscipline called coordination...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Ontology-driven dual-channel relational graph convolutional network (DCR-GCN) for lettuce leaf phenotype classification.

Plant methods·2026
Same author

Integrated Transcriptome and Metabolome Analysis of Fruit Quality Variation in 'Sweet100' Tomato Across Different Growth Stages.

Foods (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Highly Efficient and Reversible CO<sub>2</sub> Capture from Ambient Air by Tunable Anion-Functionalized Macroporous Resin.

ACS applied materials & interfaces·2025
Same author

Clinical observation of pyogenic granuloma treated with combined long-pulse 1064nm Nd: YAG laser and pulsed CO2 laser photodynamic therapy.

Lasers in medical science·2025
Same author

A Dual-Tuning Strategy for Both Enhancing Nitric Oxide Adsorption Capacity and Reducing Desorption Residue by Functionalized Porous Resin through Constructing Hydrogen Bonds.

ChemPlusChem·2025
Same author

[Risk factors for malnutrition in ulcerative colitis complicated with pyoderma gangrenosum and construction of a lasso regression-based prediction model].

Nan fang yi ke da xue xue bao = Journal of Southern Medical University·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 26, 2026

From Molecules to Materials: Engineering New Ionic Liquid Crystals Through Halogen Bonding
06:44

From Molecules to Materials: Engineering New Ionic Liquid Crystals Through Halogen Bonding

Published on: March 24, 2018

Ionic liquids with metal chelate anions.

Pengfei Zhang1, Yutong Gong, Yiqi Lv

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, PR China.

Chemical Communications (Cambridge, England)
|January 5, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Stable, hydrophobic ionic liquids were synthesized for cyclohexene oxidation. These novel metal chelate-based ionic liquids function as effective, recyclable catalysts and solvents, offering mild reaction conditions.

More Related Videos

Development, Characterization, and Evaluation of CAGE-based Ionic Liquid Systems for Transdermal Delivery
09:44

Development, Characterization, and Evaluation of CAGE-based Ionic Liquid Systems for Transdermal Delivery

Published on: September 26, 2025

Combining Solid-state and Solution-based Techniques: Synthesis and Reactivity of Chalcogenidoplumbates(II or IV)
10:42

Combining Solid-state and Solution-based Techniques: Synthesis and Reactivity of Chalcogenidoplumbates(II or IV)

Published on: December 29, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 26, 2026

From Molecules to Materials: Engineering New Ionic Liquid Crystals Through Halogen Bonding
06:44

From Molecules to Materials: Engineering New Ionic Liquid Crystals Through Halogen Bonding

Published on: March 24, 2018

Development, Characterization, and Evaluation of CAGE-based Ionic Liquid Systems for Transdermal Delivery
09:44

Development, Characterization, and Evaluation of CAGE-based Ionic Liquid Systems for Transdermal Delivery

Published on: September 26, 2025

Combining Solid-state and Solution-based Techniques: Synthesis and Reactivity of Chalcogenidoplumbates(II or IV)
10:42

Combining Solid-state and Solution-based Techniques: Synthesis and Reactivity of Chalcogenidoplumbates(II or IV)

Published on: December 29, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Green chemistry
  • Catalysis
  • Materials science

Background:

  • Ionic liquids (ILs) are versatile solvents and catalysts.
  • Developing stable and recyclable catalytic systems is crucial for sustainable chemistry.
  • Metal chelate anions offer unique properties for IL design.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize novel, stable, and hydrophobic ionic liquids.
  • To evaluate their efficacy as catalysts and solvents for cyclohexene oxidation.
  • To assess the recyclability and stability of the synthesized ionic liquids.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of ionic liquids featuring metal chelate anions.
  • Characterization of ionic liquids for stability (air, water, thermal) and hydrophobicity.
  • Application of ionic liquids as catalysts and solvents in cyclohexene oxidation reactions.
  • Evaluation of catalyst recyclability and reaction efficiency.

Main Results:

  • A series of stable and hydrophobic ionic liquids were successfully synthesized.
  • The synthesized ionic liquids demonstrated effectiveness as both catalysts and solvents.
  • Mild reaction conditions were employed for cyclohexene oxidation.
  • The ionic liquids exhibited excellent recyclability and maintained stability over multiple cycles.

Conclusions:

  • Novel metal chelate-based ionic liquids offer a promising platform for sustainable oxidation reactions.
  • These ionic liquids provide a stable, recyclable, and efficient system for cyclohexene oxidation.
  • The developed methodology aligns with green chemistry principles, reducing waste and improving process efficiency.