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Related Concept Videos

Gallbladder01:17

Gallbladder

The gallbladder is a small, pear-shaped organ that plays a crucial role in our digestive system. Measuring about 10 cm in length, it is comparable in size to a kiwi fruit and is located in a hollow area on the lower surface of the liver. The gallbladder's primary function is to store and concentrate bile, a fluid produced by the liver that aids in digestion.
The gallbladder's anatomy consists of three regions: the fundus, body, and neck. Extending from the neck, the cystic duct joins the common...
Cholecystitis01:20

Cholecystitis

Cholecystitis is inflammation of the gallbladder, most commonly caused by obstruction of the cystic duct. This blockage prevents bile from draining, leading to gallbladder distension, inflammation, and potentially serious complications. This condition may present acutely or chronically and can happen with or without gallstones.EtiologyAbout 95% of cholecystitis cases are calculous, caused by gallstones blocking the cystic duct, leading to bile accumulation and inflammation of the gallbladder...
Diseases of the Liver and Gallbladder01:26

Diseases of the Liver and Gallbladder

Liver and gallbladder diseases are a significant health concern, with prominent conditions including cirrhosis, hepatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and gallstones. Jaundice is a common manifestation of liver and biliary disease.
Cirrhosis is characterized by the scarring of hepatic lobules in the liver, which are replaced by fibrous tissue, affecting the liver's normal functioning. NAFLD, on the other hand, is caused by an excessive build-up of fat in the liver, not related to...
Glucose Transporters01:27

Glucose Transporters

Glucose transporters facilitate the transport of glucose across the cell membrane. In addition to glucose, some glucose transporters can also aid the movement of other hexoses such as fructose, mannose, and galactose.
Facilitated diffusion-glucose transporters (GLUTs) are encoded by the solute-linked carrier (SLC) family 2, subfamily A gene family, or SLC2A. The 14 GLUT protein members are distributed into three classes:
Appendicitis01:19

Appendicitis

Appendicitis is an acute inflammatory condition of the vermiform appendix, most commonly caused by obstruction of its lumen. The appendix is a narrow, blind-ended pouch that extends from the cecum, making it particularly prone to obstruction. Causes include fecaliths, lymphoid hyperplasia (often after viral infections), parasites, tumors, or foreign bodies. This obstruction initiates a cascade of pathological changes.Luminal Obstruction and Early InflammationAfter obstruction, normal mucosal...
Inborn Errors of Metabolism01:20

Inborn Errors of Metabolism

Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a protein metabolism disorder characterized by high blood levels of the amino acid phenylalanine. This results from a mutation in the gene responsible for phenylalanine hydroxylase, an enzyme that converts phenylalanine into tyrosine. When this enzyme is deficient, phenylalanine builds up in the blood, leading to symptoms such as vomiting, rashes, seizures, growth deficiency, and severe mental retardation. An early diagnosis and a diet restricting phenylalanine intake...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 26, 2026

Extrahepatic Bile Duct and Gall Bladder Dissection in Nine-Day-Old Mouse Neonates
06:10

Extrahepatic Bile Duct and Gall Bladder Dissection in Nine-Day-Old Mouse Neonates

Published on: August 23, 2022

Gallbladder agenesis.

Pashtoon Murtaza Kasi1, Raymund Ramirez, Shari S Rogal

  • 1International Scholars Program, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC), Pittsburgh, Pa., USA.

Case Reports in Gastroenterology
|January 6, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Gallbladder agenesis, a rare condition, affects women more often and can mimic biliary colic. Diagnosis requires high suspicion, as imaging can be misleading, with conservative management often preferred.

Keywords:
Biliary colicConservative managementGallbladder agenesisMagnetic resonance cholangiopancreatographySphincterotomy

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 26, 2026

Extrahepatic Bile Duct and Gall Bladder Dissection in Nine-Day-Old Mouse Neonates
06:10

Extrahepatic Bile Duct and Gall Bladder Dissection in Nine-Day-Old Mouse Neonates

Published on: August 23, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Medical Imaging
  • Rare Diseases

Background:

  • Gallbladder agenesis is a rare congenital anomaly with an incidence of 10-65 per 100,000.
  • It predominantly affects females (3:1 ratio) and often presents in the second or third decade of life.

Observation:

  • Despite the absence of a gallbladder, approximately 50% of patients experience symptoms resembling biliary colic.
  • Nonvisualization on ultrasound warrants a high index of suspicion for gallbladder agenesis.
  • HIDA scans are often inconclusive, as nonvisualization can indicate either cystic duct obstruction or agenesis.

Findings:

  • A case of a 21-year-old woman with recurrent biliary colic diagnosed with gallbladder agenesis via magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography is presented.
  • The case is compared with existing literature, highlighting diagnostic challenges and management strategies.

Implications:

  • Clinicians must consider gallbladder agenesis in patients with unexplained biliary colic symptoms, especially when ultrasound suggests nonvisualization.
  • Current management leans towards conservative approaches, including smooth muscle relaxants, with sphincterotomy considered for severe cases.
  • Further research may clarify the pathophysiology of biliary colic in gallbladder agenesis and refine management guidelines.