Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis associated with risperidone-induced hyperprolactinemia

Area of Science:

• Endocrinology
• Oncology
• Pathology

Background:

• Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) is a rare, chronic inflammatory breast disease with unclear etiology.
• Current understanding of IGM pathogenesis and treatment remains limited and controversial.
• Previous studies have suggested a potential association between hyperprolactinemia and IGM.

Observation:

• This report presents the first documented case of IGM occurring in conjunction with hyperprolactinemia.
• The hyperprolactinemia in this patient was specifically induced by the antipsychotic medication risperidone.
• The clinical presentation and diagnostic process for this unique case are detailed.

Findings:

• The findings confirm a direct link between risperidone use, subsequent hyperprolactinemia, and the development of IGM.
• This case highlights a novel potential trigger for idiopathic granulomatous mastitis.
• Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of IGM.

Implications:

• This case suggests that hyperprolactinemia, particularly drug-induced, should be considered in the differential diagnosis of IGM.
• Clinicians should be aware of the potential for risperidone to cause or exacerbate IGM.
• Further research is warranted to explore the mechanisms underlying drug-induced hyperprolactinemia in IGM and to guide management strategies.