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Related Concept Videos

Introduction Cardiac Emergencies01:30

Introduction Cardiac Emergencies

Cardiac emergencies are critical situations involving the heart that require immediate medical intervention to prevent severe complications or death. These emergencies often arise from underlying heart conditions that impair the heart's ability to function correctly.Types of Cardiac EmergenciesThe most common types of cardiac emergencies include Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS), myocardial infarction (MI), cardiac arrest, and heart failure.Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)...
Barriers to Effective Communication II01:21

Barriers to Effective Communication II

The barriers to effective communication also include cultural barriers, semantic barriers, gender barriers, and time constraints.
Cultural barriers:
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Semantic barriers:
As a result of their tendency to use...
Imbalances in Cardiac Output01:26

Imbalances in Cardiac Output

The heart's primary function is to pump blood throughout the body, maintaining a balance between blood sent out (cardiac output) and blood returning (venous return). If this balance is disrupted, it can result in congestive heart failure (CHF), a severe condition where the heart becomes an inefficient pump, leading to inadequate blood circulation.
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Heart Failure III: Clinical Manifestations01:26

Heart Failure III: Clinical Manifestations

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Increased Intracranial Pressure l: Introduction01:14

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Pulmonary Edema II: Pathophysiology

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Expired CO2 Measurement in Intubated or Spontaneously Breathing Patients from the Emergency Department
07:52

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Published on: January 29, 2011

Emergency department crowding.

Ian Higginson1

  • 1Emergency Department, Derriford Hospital, Plymouth PL6 8DH, UK. ianhigginson@nhs.net

Emergency Medicine Journal : EMJ
|January 7, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Emergency department (ED) crowding is a global issue. While the UK focuses on the 4-hour standard, the causes and effective solutions for ED crowding remain largely unknown, potentially mirroring international findings.

Area of Science:

  • Emergency Medicine
  • Healthcare Management
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Emergency department (ED) crowding is a significant international healthcare problem.
  • UK research has primarily focused on waiting times and the 4-hour standard, not crowding itself.
  • Existing evidence predominantly comprises retrospective and descriptive studies from North America and Australasia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the causes and effects of ED crowding.
  • To explore potential solutions for ED crowding.
  • To assess the impact of the UK's 4-hour standard on ED crowding.

Main Methods:

  • A structured literature review was conducted on emergency department crowding.
  • Analysis of existing research to identify causes, effects, and solutions.

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  • Evaluation of the influence of process standards on crowding.

    • Main Results:

    • Access block due to high hospital occupancy is the primary cause of crowding.
    • Crowding leads to adverse outcomes for both patients and staff.
    • Evidence for proposed solutions is weak, with many interventions focusing on the ED rather than root causes.

    Conclusions:

    • The extent of ED crowding in the UK is currently unknown.
    • Process standards, like the 4-hour standard, may help mitigate crowding.
    • Optimal solutions for ED crowding are not yet established, and UK-specific research is limited.