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Primary Healthcare Services01:30

Primary Healthcare Services

Primary care promotes wellness and prevents disease. This care includes health promotion, education, protection (such as immunizations), early disease screening, and environmental considerations. Settings providing this type of healthcare include physician offices, public health clinics, school nursing, and community health nursing.
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The issues and trends in healthcare delivery are constantly changing. The COVID-19 pandemic is one recent issue that wreaked havoc on healthcare systems, causing a shortage of healthcare workers, high demand for medicines and supplies, and increased medical expenditure due to a lack of insurance. Other issues include rising healthcare costs and care fragmentation.
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Visualizing Field Data Collection Procedures of Exposure and Biomarker Assessments for the Household Air Pollution Intervention Network Trial in India
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Studying PPTCT Services, Interventions, Coverage and Utilization in India.

Urvish Joshi1, Shilpa Patel, Kartik Shah

  • 1Department of Community Medicine, AMC MET Medical College & LG Hospital, Maninagar, Ahmedabad, India.

Journal of Global Infectious Diseases
|January 7, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Effective prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission (PMTCT) services significantly reduce transmission risks. This study evaluated PMTCT program coverage and outcomes, highlighting areas for improved intervention efficacy.

Keywords:
HIV in exposed childrenHIV testing of pregnant womenMB pairPMTCT

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Maternal and Child Health

Background:

  • Vertical transmission is the primary source of HIV infection in children.
  • Prevention of Parent-to-Child Transmission (PPTCT) interventions can reduce transmission rates from 33% to 3%.
  • National AIDS Control Programme (NACP) III aims to test all pregnant women for early linkage to PMTCT services.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the coverage of PPTCT services.
  • To identify drop-out rates within the PPTCT program.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of interventions and identify determinants affecting outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Study cohort included HIV-positive pregnant women and their exposed children from 2004 to 2009.
  • Services included counseling, HIV testing, linkage to care, and follow-up for delivery, medication, nutrition, and infant testing.
  • Data collected from Integrated Counseling and Testing Centers (ICTC) and PPTCT-specific services.

Main Results:

  • Over 29,000 pregnant women were registered; 69.7% received pre-test counseling and 100% were tested.
  • 81 pregnant women tested HIV-positive, with 60.5% detected in the third trimester.
  • Of live births, 88.1% of children were traced, 76.3% were alive at 18 months, and 40.7% were tested for HIV.

Conclusions:

  • Universal counseling and testing for HIV should be provided to all pregnant women.
  • Strategies like EDD-based tracking, institutional deliveries, and postnatal counseling are crucial.
  • Complete medication (MB) pair coverage and enhanced staff capacity are recommended for effective management.