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Related Concept Videos

Skin Diseases and Disorders01:23

Skin Diseases and Disorders

Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
Gram-positive Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are responsible for many of the most common skin infections. However, many...
Skin Cancer01:30

Skin Cancer

Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...
Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction01:23

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction

Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...
Staphylococcal Skin Infections01:29

Staphylococcal Skin Infections

Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram-positive coccus that resides harmlessly on the skin and mucous membranes of healthy individuals. When the skin barrier is breached, it can shift from a commensal to an opportunistic pathogen. This transition is facilitated by surface adhesins, such as clumping factor B and S. aureus surface protein G (SasG), which bind to structural proteins, including loricrin and cytokeratin, in the damaged epidermis. Protein A, another key factor, binds the Fc region of...
Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions01:30

Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions

Drug-related allergies are immune-mediated responses triggered by the administration of pharmacological agents. These hypersensitivity reactions are classified based on the immune mechanisms involved. The four primary types—Type I, II, III, and IV—are mediated by different immunological pathways and exhibit distinct clinical manifestations.Type I Hypersensitivity/ IgE-Mediated Reactions: Immunoglobulin E (IgE) immediately mediates Type I hypersensitivity reactions. Upon initial exposure to a...
Reticular Dermis01:15

Reticular Dermis

The papillary and reticular dermis are the two layers of the dermis. They are made of connective tissue with fibers of collagen extending from one to the other, making the border between the two somewhat indistinct. The dermal papillae extending into the epidermis belong to the papillary layer, whereas the dense collagen fiber bundles below belong to the reticular layer.
Reticular Layer
Underlying the papillary layer is the much thicker reticular layer, composed of dense, irregular connective...

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Updated: May 26, 2026

Recognition of Epidermal Transglutaminase by IgA and Tissue Transglutaminase 2 Antibodies in a Rare Case of Rhesus Dermatitis
10:27

Recognition of Epidermal Transglutaminase by IgA and Tissue Transglutaminase 2 Antibodies in a Rare Case of Rhesus Dermatitis

Published on: December 15, 2011

A desert rash.

Bryan E Bledsoe1, Matt Loptien, Ross P Berkeley

  • 1University of Nevada School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Las Vegas, Nevada.

The Western Journal of Emergency Medicine
|January 7, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A recreational diver experienced a painful rash and joint pain after a deep dive. Symptoms suggest potential decompression sickness despite a controlled ascent and proper stops.

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Area of Science:

  • Diving Medicine
  • Hyperbaric Physiology
  • Emergency Medicine

Background:

  • Recreational diving carries inherent risks, including decompression sickness (DCS).
  • Deep dives increase the risk of DCS due to greater nitrogen absorption.
  • Proper ascent rates and decompression stops are critical for diver safety.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a case of potential decompression sickness in a recreational diver.
  • To highlight the importance of recognizing atypical symptoms of DCS.
  • To discuss the challenges in diagnosing DCS after deep dives.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of a 29-year-old male recreational diver.
  • Clinical presentation including rash and musculoskeletal pain post-dive.
  • Review of dive profile and emergency department evaluation.

Main Results:

  • The patient presented with a pruritic, then painful, rash on his chest and abdomen.
  • He reported acute aching pain in his hips and left arm.
  • Laboratory studies and chest radiograph were unremarkable.

Conclusions:

  • Atypical presentations of DCS can occur even with seemingly appropriate dive profiles.
  • Prompt medical evaluation is essential for divers experiencing new-onset symptoms after diving.
  • Further investigation may be warranted to rule out DCS in such cases.