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Cognition in the vegetative state.

Martin M Monti1

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA. monti@psych.ucla.edu

Annual Review of Clinical Psychology
|January 10, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Patients in a vegetative state (VS) show preserved cognitive functions, challenging traditional beliefs. Neuroimaging reveals residual cognitive processing despite a lack of awareness.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Neurology

Background:

  • The vegetative state (VS) is traditionally defined by preserved autonomic functions but absent cortical cognitive processes.
  • This definition implies a profound lack of consciousness and awareness in affected individuals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review neuroimaging evidence over 20 years regarding cognitive capacities in patients with vegetative state.
  • To challenge the traditional view of the vegetative state and explore residual cognitive functions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of neuroimaging studies conducted over a 20-year period.
  • Analysis of cognitive functions, including language processing and learning, in patients diagnosed with vegetative state.

Main Results:

  • Neuroimaging demonstrates that the "vegetative" brain retains high-level cognitive functions across sensory modalities.
  • Patients in a vegetative state exhibit capabilities in language processing and learning dynamics.
  • Residual cognitive functions may stem from functionally disconnected cortical modules.

Conclusions:

  • The traditional characterization of the vegetative state as lacking cortical cognitive function is inaccurate.
  • Vegetative state patients possess residual cognitive abilities, though these may not translate to subjective awareness.
  • Functional disconnection of cortical modules may explain the dissociation between cognitive function and awareness.