Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Sound Waves: Resonance01:14

Sound Waves: Resonance

Resonance is produced depending on the boundary conditions imposed on a wave. Resonance can be produced in a string under tension with symmetrical boundary conditions (i.e., has a node at each end). A node is defined as a fixed point where the string does not move. The symmetrical boundary conditions result in some frequencies resonating and producing standing waves, while other frequencies interfere destructively. Sound waves can resonate in a hollow tube, and the frequencies of the sound...
Sound Intensity Level00:53

Sound Intensity Level

Humans perceive sound by hearing. The human ear helps sound waves reach the brain, which then interprets the waves and creates the perception of hearing. The loudness of the environment in which a person is located determines whether they can distinguish between different sound sources.
The human ear can perceive an extensive range of sound intensity, necessitating the use of the logarithmic scale to define a physical quantity—the intensity level. It is a ratio of two intensities and hence a...
Perception of Sound Waves01:01

Perception of Sound Waves

The human ear is not equally sensitive to all frequencies in the audible range. It may perceive sound waves with the same pressure but different frequencies as having different loudness. Moreover, the perception of sound waves depends on the health of an individual's ears, which decays with age. The health of one's ears may also be affected by regular exposure to loud noises.
The pitch of a sound depends on the frequency and the pressure amplitude of the source. Two sounds of the same frequency...
Perceiving Loudness, Pitch, and Location01:21

Perceiving Loudness, Pitch, and Location

The human brain perceives pitch through two primary mechanisms reflected in place theory and frequency theory. Each mechanism describes how sound waves are interpreted as specific pitches by the brain, offering insights into the intricate processes of auditory perception.
Place theory, or place coding, suggests that different pitches are heard because various sound waves activate specific locations along the cochlea's basilar membrane. The brain determines the pitch of a sound by identifying...
Echo01:06

Echo

The human ear cannot distinguish between two sources of sound if they happen to reach within a specific time interval, typically 0.1 seconds apart. More than this, and they are perceived as separate sources.
Imagine the sound is reflected back to the ears. Assuming that the source is very close to the human, the difference between hearing the two sounds—the emitted sound and the reflected sound—may be more than the minimum time for perceiving distinct sounds. If this is the case, then the...
Muscle Stimulation Frequency01:22

Muscle Stimulation Frequency

The contraction strength of muscles is regulated by motor neurons, which modulate the frequency of action potentials dispatched to the motor units based on the body's requirements. This process of varying the muscle stimulation frequency allows muscles to contract with a force that is precisely tailored to the needs of the moment, whether lifting a feather or a heavy box.
Wave summation
At low firing rates, motor neurons induce individual twitch contractions in muscle fibers. These twitches...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Time-delay reservoir for signal demixing using Kalman weight updates in fixed point and limit cycle regimes.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

Neural heterogeneity enables adaptive encoding of time sequences.

Communications physics·2026
Same author

Selecting fitted models under epistemic uncertainty using a stochastic process on quantile functions.

Nature communications·2025
Same author

Real-time measurement of entropy production and export in humans: A step toward entropically informed medicine.

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·2025
Same author

Threshold crossing time theory for quasicycles with application to brain rhythms.

Physical review. E·2024
Same author

Shortcutting from self-motion signals reveals a cognitive map in mice.

eLife·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 26, 2026

Long-term Behavioral Tracking of Freely Swimming Weakly Electric Fish
10:56

Long-term Behavioral Tracking of Freely Swimming Weakly Electric Fish

Published on: March 6, 2014

Testing resonating vector strength: auditory system, electric fish, and noise.

J Leo van Hemmen1, André Longtin, Andreas N Vollmayr

  • 1Physik Department T35 & BCCN - Munich, Technische Universität München, 85747 Garching bei München, Germany.

Chaos (Woodbury, N.Y.)
|January 10, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a "resonating" vector strength to analyze neuronal responses, revealing clear maxima that identify stimulus frequencies. This method accurately detects dominant frequencies in both auditory and electric fish systems, even with noise.

More Related Videos

Evaluating Toxicity of Chemicals using a Zebrafish Vibration Startle Response Screening System
06:25

Evaluating Toxicity of Chemicals using a Zebrafish Vibration Startle Response Screening System

Published on: January 12, 2024

Silencing the Spark: CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing in Weakly Electric Fish
08:00

Silencing the Spark: CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing in Weakly Electric Fish

Published on: October 27, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 26, 2026

Long-term Behavioral Tracking of Freely Swimming Weakly Electric Fish
10:56

Long-term Behavioral Tracking of Freely Swimming Weakly Electric Fish

Published on: March 6, 2014

Evaluating Toxicity of Chemicals using a Zebrafish Vibration Startle Response Screening System
06:25

Evaluating Toxicity of Chemicals using a Zebrafish Vibration Startle Response Screening System

Published on: January 12, 2024

Silencing the Spark: CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing in Weakly Electric Fish
08:00

Silencing the Spark: CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing in Weakly Electric Fish

Published on: October 27, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Computational Biology
  • Signal Processing

Background:

  • Neuronal responses to stimuli often involve discrete events like action potentials.
  • Quantifying neuronal synchrony and response frequencies is crucial for understanding sensory processing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a method for identifying dominant stimulus frequencies from neuronal spike times.
  • To analyze the robustness of this method in different sensory systems and under noisy conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of the synchrony vector strength as a function of stimulus frequency.
  • Application to experimental data from a cat's midbrain auditory neuron and an electric fish neuron.
  • Investigation of the influence of noise on frequency detection.

Main Results:

  • The length of the synchrony vector, termed "resonating" vector strength, exhibits clear maxima near the stimulus frequency and its multiples.
  • This method successfully identified dominant frequencies in both auditory and electric sensory neurons.
  • Resonating vector strength shows strong correlation with phase locking and is robust to noise.

Conclusions:

  • The resonating vector strength provides an effective way to determine neuronal response frequencies.
  • This approach aids in understanding sensory processing across different species and conditions.
  • The method can also be used to extract phase information, such as response delays.